What predisposes patients to perioperative gout attacks?
Dehydration.
Increased uric acid production as a result of adenosine triphosphate breakdown (energy utilization) during surgery.
Medicines (diuretics, heparin, cyclosporine).
Minor trauma to the joint during surgery and transport.
Infections.
Hyperalimentation.
Perioperative cessation of medications used to manage gout (allopurinol, febuxustat, colchicine, and probenecid).
Preoperative serum uric acid levels ≥9 mg/dL.
