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What are ion channels?
Ion channels, formed from membrane-spanning proteins, allow the selective and rapid flux of ions across cell membranes.
Channels respond to (are gated by) specific stimuli.
What are the types of ion channels?
- Voltage-gated channels—activated by changes in the transmembrane voltage gradient
- Ligand-gated channels—activated by binding of chemical agonists
- Mechanical stretch or pressure