What is testicular microlithiasis, and what is its significance?
Testicular microlithiasis is an asymptomatic abnormality found on testicular US, in which calcifications are seen within the seminiferous tubules of the testicles. Its presence alone in the absence of other risk factors is not worrisome, but follow-up evaluation with US is suggested in patients at risk for development of testicular tumors, such as those with testicular maldescent, prior history of germ cell tumor, atrophic testicles, and Klinefelter syndrome, although this is controversial.
On US, testicular microlithiasis is present when ≥5 punctate echogenic foci are seen in the testicle. It is not well visualized on MRI.
