What are risk factors for contrast nephropathy?
• Preexisting CKD (creatinine level >1.5 mg/dL)
• Diabetes
• Age >75 years
• Concurrent use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
• Large contrast volume
• Hyperuricemia
• Use of ionic, high osmolar contrast media