Neurologic diseases leading to respiratory insufficiency
What neurologic diseases may result in respiratory insufficiency?
Brain and brain stem
- Brain herniation
- Muscular dystrophy (central apnea)
Spinal cord
- Upper cervical cord injury, transection (≤ C6)
- Lower motor neuron disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, postpolio syndrome, spinal muscular atrophy)
Peripheral nerve
- Acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy (Guillain–Barré syndrome)
Neuromuscular junction
- Myasthenia gravis
- Botulism
- Congenital myasthenic syndromes
Muscle
- Muscular dystrophy (peripheral/obstructive apnea)
- Congenital myopathy
- Inflammatory myopathies (polymyositis, inclusion body myositis)