Neurologic diseases leading to respiratory insufficiency

Neurologic diseases leading to respiratory insufficiency

What neurologic diseases may result in respiratory insufficiency? 

Brain and brain stem

  • Brain herniation
  • Muscular dystrophy (central apnea)

Spinal cord

  • Upper cervical cord injury, transection (≤ C6)
  • Lower motor neuron disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, postpolio syndrome, spinal muscular atrophy)

Peripheral nerve

  • Acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy (Guillain–Barré syndrome)

Neuromuscular junction

  • Myasthenia gravis
  • Botulism
  • Congenital myasthenic syndromes

Muscle

  • Muscular dystrophy (peripheral/obstructive apnea)
  • Congenital myopathy
  • Inflammatory myopathies (polymyositis, inclusion body myositis)
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