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How to make a presumptive diagnosis of cardiogenic shock?
Recent studies have demonstrated that emergency physicians using bedside ultrasonography can correctly identify cardiac wall motion abnormalities as well as cardiac index. This technology makes it easy for the emergency physician to identify patients with abnormal cardiac function.
Sources
Dey I, Sprivulis P: Emergency physicians can reliably assess emergency department patient cardiac output using the USCOM continuous wave Doppler cardiac output monitor. Emerg Med Austr 2005;17:193-199.
Dinh VA, Ko HS, Rao R, et al: Measuring cardiac index with a focused cardiac ultrasound examination in the ED. Am J Emerg Med 2012;30(9):1845-1851.