How is BMD currently measured?
DXA is the most accurate and widely used method in current practice. The radiation exposure is minimal with only 1 to 3 uSv/site compared with 50 to 100 uSv for one chest radiograph. BMD can also be measured by computed tomography (50 uSv) and ultrasound (no radiation). Central densitometry (DXA) measurements (spine and hip) are the best predictors of fracture risk and have the best precision for longitudinal monitoring. Peripheral densitometry measurements (heel, radius, hands) are more widely available and less expensive, but are less accurate.
