Causes of Generalized osteopenia in HHC

Causes of Generalized osteopenia in HHC

Generalized osteopenia is common in HHC. What are its possible causes?

• Increased synovial iron (comparable to serum levels) directly inhibits bone formation.

• Pituitary iron infiltration decreases gonadotropin levels, leading to hypogonadism (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism).

• Hepatic cirrhosis leads to testicular atrophy and hypogonadism and poor conversion of vitamin D to 25-hydroxy vitamin D.

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