What are the most common causes of cushing syndrome
Corticotropin-dependent:
- • Pituitary microadenoma (∼68% of endogenous hypercortisolemia)
- • Ectopic corticotropin production (∼12%, from other tumors, typically small-cell lung cancer)
- • Ectopic corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion (<1%)
Corticotropin-independent:
- • Exogenous glucocorticoid administration (iatrogenic causes are the most common in the United States)
- • Adrenal adenoma (∼10%)
- • Adrenal adenocarcinoma (∼8%)
- • Primary pigmented nodular adrenal hyperplasia (<1%)
- • McCune-Albright syndrome (<1%)
- • Macronodular adrenal disease (<1%)
- • Hyperfunction of adrenal rest tissue (<1%)
