Causes of bowel ischemia/infarction.
- • Arterial causes include embolic disease, arterial thrombosis, vasculitis, aortic dissection extending into a mesenteric artery, tumor encasement of a mesenteric artery, and trauma.
- • Venous causes include thrombosis, tumor encasement of a mesenteric vein, and trauma.
- • Vessel hypoperfusion, systemic shock, radiation injury, bowel obstruction, infectious or inflammatory bowel disease, and some medications are other causes of bowel ischemia/infarction.
