What's on this Page
What is Tiagabine
Tiagabine is an oral anticonvulsant indicated for the adjunctive treatment of partial seizures. It is a derivative of nipecotic acid, a compound found in the betel nut from southeast Asia.
Tiagabine’s mechanism of action differs from other adjunctive therapies for partial seizures (e.g., gabapentin, lamotrigine, vigabatrin, topiramate) in that it inhibits the reuptake of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS.
When added to other antiepileptic drug regimens, tiagabine significantly decreases seizure frequency (by 50% or more) in about 25% of patients with refractory complex partial seizures and in roughly 32% of patients with simple complex seizures.
About 45% of patients with secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures achieve a 50% or greater reduction in seizure rate. The antiepileptic effects of tiagabine are dose-dependent, with a minimal effective dose of about 32 mg for most patients.
Some data indicate that this agent may also be effective for monotherapy in selected patients. Tiagabine was granted final FDA approval for the adjunctive treatment of partial seizures in September 1997.
Brand Name
Gabitril
Indications
- partial seizures
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- agitation
- alopecia
- amblyopia
- amenorrhea
- anemia
- angina
- apnea
- appetite stimulation
- arthralgia
- asthenia
- ataxia
- atopic dermatitis
- blepharitis
- blurred vision
- breast enlargement
- bronchospasm
- bullous rash
- chest pain (unspecified)
- chills
- cholecystitis
- cholelithiasis
- choreoathetosis
- coma
- confusion
- contact dermatitis
- cough
- cystitis
- dehydration
- dental caries
- depression
- diarrhea
- dizziness
- drowsiness
- dysarthria
- dysgeusia
- dysmenorrhea
- dysphagia
- dyspnea
- dystonic reaction
- dysuria
- ecchymosis
- edema
- EEG changes
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- emotional lability
- encephalopathy
- epistaxis
- eructation
- esophagitis
- euphoria
- exfoliative dermatitis
- fecal incontinence
- furunculosis
- gastritis
- GI bleeding
- gingival hyperplasia
- gingivitis
- glossitis
- goiter
- halitosis
- hallucinations
- hearing loss
- hematuria
- hemoptysis
- hepatomegaly
- hiccups
- hirsutism
- hostility
- hyperacusis
- hypercholesterolemia
- hyperglycemia
- hyperhidrosis
- hyperkinesis
- hyperlipidemia
- hyperreflexia
- hypersalivation
- hypertension
- hypertonia
- hyperventilation
- hypoesthesia
- hypoglycemia
- hypokalemia
- hyponatremia
- hyporeflexia
- hypotension
- hypothyroidism
- hypotonia
- impotence (erectile dysfunction)
- infection
- influenza
- insomnia
- keratoconjunctivitis
- laryngitis
- leukopenia
- libido decrease
- libido increase
- lymphadenopathy
- maculopapular rash
- malaise
- mastalgia
- melena
- memory impairment
- menorrhagia
- migraine
- muscle cramps
- myalgia
- myasthenia
- myocardial infarction
- myoclonia
- nausea
- neuritis
- nocturia
- nystagmus
- ocular pain
- oral ulceration
- orthostatic hypotension
- otalgia
- pallor
- palpitations
- paranoia
- paresthesias
- parosmia
- pelvic pain
- peripheral edema
- peripheral vasodilation
- petechiae
- pharyngitis
- phlebitis
- photophobia
- photosensitivity
- polydipsia
- polyuria
- pruritus
- psoriasis
- psychosis
- rash
- renal failure (unspecified)
- seizures
- sinus tachycardia
- skin discoloration
- skin ulcer
- spontaneous fetal abortion
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- stomatitis
- suicidal ideation
- syncope
- teratogenesis
- thrombocytopenia
- tinnitus
- tremor
- urinary incontinence
- urinary retention
- urinary urgency
- urticaria
- vaginal bleeding
- vaginitis
- vertigo
- vesicular rash
- visual impairment
- vomiting
- weakness
- xerosis
- xerostomia
Monitoring Parameters
- LFTs
Contraindications
- abrupt discontinuation
- bipolar disorder
- breast-feeding
- children
- depression
- driving or operating machinery
- geriatric
- hepatic disease
- infants
- mania
- neonates
- pregnancy
- seizures
- status epilepticus
- suicidal ideation
Interactions
- Alprazolam
- Amitriptyline
- Amitriptyline; Chlordiazepoxide
- Amphetamines
- Apalutamide
- Aprepitant, Fosaprepitant
- Atazanavir
- Atazanavir; Cobicistat
- Atropine; Hyoscyamine; Phenobarbital; Scopolamine
- Belladonna Alkaloids; Ergotamine; Phenobarbital
- Benzodiazepines
- Boceprevir
- Bupropion
- Bupropion; Naltrexone
- Chlordiazepoxide
- Chlordiazepoxide; Clidinium
- Chlorpromazine
- Clomipramine
- Clonazepam
- Clorazepate
- Cobicistat
- Codeine; Phenylephrine; Promethazine
- Codeine; Promethazine
- Colesevelam
- Conivaptan
- Crizotinib
- Darunavir
- Darunavir; Cobicistat
- Darunavir; Cobicistat; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir alafenamide
- Dasabuvir; Ombitasvir; Paritaprevir; Ritonavir
- Desipramine
- Dextromethorphan; Promethazine
- Diazepam
- Doxepin
- Dronedarone
- Elbasvir; Grazoprevir
- Elvitegravir; Cobicistat; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir Alafenamide
- Elvitegravir; Cobicistat; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate
- Enzalutamide
- Estazolam
- Ethanol
- Fluphenazine
- Flurazepam
- Hydantoins
- Hydroxychloroquine
- Idelalisib
- Imipramine
- Isavuconazonium
- Isocarboxazid
- Lesinurad
- Lesinurad; Allopurinol
- Lopinavir; Ritonavir
- Lorazepam
- Maprotiline
- Mefloquine
- Meperidine; Promethazine
- Mesoridazine
- Midazolam
- Mitotane
- Molindone
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
- Netupitant, Fosnetupitant; Palonosetron
- Nortriptyline
- Ombitasvir; Paritaprevir; Ritonavir
- Oritavancin
- Oxazepam
- Pazopanib
- Pemoline
- Perphenazine
- Perphenazine; Amitriptyline
- Phenelzine
- Phenobarbital
- Phenothiazines
- Phentermine; Topiramate
- Phenylephrine; Promethazine
- Posaconazole
- Prochlorperazine
- Promethazine
- Protriptyline
- Quazepam
- Ritonavir
- Selegiline
- Simeprevir
- St. John’s Wort, Hypericum perforatum
- Telaprevir
- Telotristat Ethyl
- Temazepam
- Thiethylperazine
- Thioridazine
- Topiramate
- Tranylcypromine
- Triazolam
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- Trifluoperazine
- Trimipramine
- Valproic Acid, Divalproex Sodium
- Vemurafenib
- Voriconazole
