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What is Potassium Acetate
Potassium acetate is indicated for the treatment and prevention of hypokalemia when oral treatment is not feasible and when the correction of acidemia is also needed.
Potassium is the primary intracellular cation. It plays a major role in muscle and nerve cell electrodynamics. Its concentration inside the cell (roughly 150 to 160 mEq/L) is 25 to 35 times greater than extracellular concentrations.
Hypokalemia is generally defined as a serum potassium concentration less than 3.5 mEq/liter. However, the National Council on Potassium in Clinical Practice recommends that serum potassium concentrations of at least 4 mEq/L be achieved and maintained in patients with hypertension, heart failure, and cardiac arrhythmias.
In addition, the Council recommends potassium supplementation for patients at risk for developing hypokalemia and associated complications (e.g., patients with potential for diuretic-induced potassium loss, patients sensitive to sodium or with high sodium intake, and patients with reduced GI intake or GI disturbances [e.g., vomiting, diarrhea]).
Due to the potential to cause significant harm when used in error, strictly adhere to dilution and administration guidelines for intravenous potassium acetate.
Indications
- diabetic ketoacidosis
- hypokalemia
- hypokalemia prevention
Side Effects
- aluminum toxicity
- anaphylactoid reactions
- angioedema
- anxiety
- arrhythmia exacerbation
- asystole
- AV block
- bradycardia
- cardiac arrest
- chest pain (unspecified)
- chills
- confusion
- dyspnea
- erythema
- fatigue
- fever
- hyperkalemia
- hypervolemia
- hyporeflexia
- hypotension
- infection
- injection site reaction
- metabolic alkalosis
- muscle paralysis
- paresthesias
- phlebitis
- skin necrosis
- skin ulcer
- thrombosis
- tissue necrosis
- ventricular fibrillation
- weakness
Monitoring Parameters
- ECG
- serum bicarbonate
- serum chloride
- serum creatinine/BUN
- serum potassium
Contraindications
- adrenal insufficiency
- atrial fibrillation
- atrial flutter
- AV block
- breast-feeding
- burns
- cardiac arrhythmias
- dehydration
- diabetic ketoacidosis
- digitalis toxicity
- extravasation
- geriatric
- heart failure
- hepatic disease
- hyperkalemia
- metabolic acidosis
- metabolic alkalosis
- muscle channelopathy
- pregnancy
- premature neonates
- renal disease
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- respiratory alkalosis
- thrombophlebitis
- ventricular arrhythmias
- ventricular fibrillation
- ventricular tachycardia
Interactions
- Aliskiren
- Aliskiren; Amlodipine
- Aliskiren; Amlodipine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Aliskiren; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Aliskiren; Valsartan
- Amiloride
- Amiloride; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Amlodipine; Benazepril
- Amlodipine; Celecoxib
- Amlodipine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Olmesartan
- Amlodipine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Valsartan
- Amlodipine; Olmesartan
- Amlodipine; Telmisartan
- Amlodipine; Valsartan
- Ammonium Chloride
- Angiotensin II receptor antagonists
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
- Anticholinergics
- Atropine
- Atropine; Benzoic Acid; Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate
- Atropine; Difenoxin
- Atropine; Diphenoxylate
- Atropine; Edrophonium
- Atropine; Hyoscyamine; Phenobarbital; Scopolamine
- Azelastine; Fluticasone
- Azilsartan
- Azilsartan; Chlorthalidone
- Beclomethasone
- Belladonna Alkaloids; Ergotamine; Phenobarbital
- Belladonna; Opium
- Benazepril
- Benazepril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Benzoic Acid; Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate
- Benztropine
- Betamethasone
- Budesonide
- Budesonide; Formoterol
- Budesonide; Glycopyrrolate; Formoterol
- Candesartan
- Candesartan; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Captopril
- Captopril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Celecoxib
- Chlordiazepoxide; Clidinium
- Ciclesonide
- Corticosteroids
- Cortisone
- Cyclosporine
- Deflazacort
- Dexamethasone
- Diclofenac
- Diclofenac; Misoprostol
- Dicyclomine
- Diflunisal
- Digoxin
- Diphenhydramine; Ibuprofen
- Diphenhydramine; Naproxen
- Drospirenone
- Drospirenone; Estradiol
- Drospirenone; Ethinyl Estradiol
- Drospirenone; Ethinyl Estradiol; Levomefolate
- Enalapril, Enalaprilat
- Enalapril; Felodipine
- Enalapril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Eplerenone
- Eprosartan
- Eprosartan; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Esomeprazole; Naproxen
- Etodolac
- Famotidine; Ibuprofen
- Fenoprofen
- Flavoxate
- Fludrocortisone
- Flunisolide
- Flurbiprofen
- Fluticasone
- Fluticasone; Salmeterol
- Fluticasone; Umeclidinium; Vilanterol
- Fluticasone; Vilanterol
- Formoterol; Mometasone
- Fosinopril
- Fosinopril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Glycopyrrolate
- Glycopyrrolate; Formoterol
- Heparin
- Homatropine; Hydrocodone
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Irbesartan
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Lisinopril
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Losartan
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Moexipril
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Olmesartan
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Quinapril
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Spironolactone
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Telmisartan
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Triamterene
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Valsartan
- Hydrocodone; Ibuprofen
- Hydrocortisone
- Hyoscyamine
- Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate; Sodium Biphosphate
- Ibuprofen
- Ibuprofen; Oxycodone
- Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine
- Indacaterol; Glycopyrrolate
- Indomethacin
- Irbesartan
- Ketoprofen
- Ketorolac
- Lansoprazole; Naproxen
- Lisinopril
- Loperamide
- Loperamide; Simethicone
- Losartan
- Meclofenamate Sodium
- Mefenamic Acid
- Meloxicam
- Mepenzolate
- Methenamine; Sodium Acid Phosphate; Methylene Blue; Hyoscyamine
- Methscopolamine
- Methylprednisolone
- Moexipril
- Mometasone
- Nabumetone
- Naproxen
- Naproxen; Pseudoephedrine
- Naproxen; Sumatriptan
- Nebivolol; Valsartan
- Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
- Olmesartan
- Oxaprozin
- Oxybutynin
- Penicillin G
- Perindopril
- Perindopril; Amlodipine
- Piroxicam
- Prednisolone
- Prednisone
- Propantheline
- Quinapril
- Ramipril
- Rofecoxib
- Sacubitril; Valsartan
- Scopolamine
- Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate
- Spironolactone
- Sulfamethoxazole; Trimethoprim, SMX-TMP, Cotrimoxazole
- Sulindac
- Tacrolimus
- Telmisartan
- Tolmetin
- Trandolapril
- Trandolapril; Verapamil
- Triamcinolone
- Triamterene
- Trientine
- Trihexyphenidyl
- Trimethoprim
- Valdecoxib
- Valsartan
