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Mannitol Brand Names
Aridol | Osmitrol | Resectisol
What is Mannitol
Mannitol is a parenteral osmotic diuretic and also acts as a bronchoconstrictor when it is orally inhaled. It is used parenterally to reduce intracranial pressure, cerebral edema, and intraocular pressure, and to promote diuresis in the prevention and/or treatment of oliguria in patients with acute renal failure.
It is used as an additional measure in the supportive treatment of edema of various origins.
Mannitol is also used alone or in combination with other diuretic agents to promote urinary excretion of toxins such as salicylates, barbiturates, lithium, and bromides.
Orally inhaled mannitol acts as a bronchoconstrictor and is used for the assessment of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in patients 6 years and older who do not have clinically apparent asthma.
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness testing with mannitol requires an experienced clinician familiar with all aspects of the test and the management of acute bronchospasm. The mechanism for bronchoconstriction is unknown.
Indications
- bronchial airway hyperreactivity diagnosis
- cerebral edema
- edema
- glomerular filtration rate estimation without imaging
- increased intracranial pressure
- increased intraocular pressure
- oliguria
- toxin excretion enhancement
- urologic irrigation
For the adjunctive treatment of edema
Side Effects
- anaphylactoid reactions
- angina
- anuria
- asthenia
- azotemia
- blurred vision
- bronchospasm
- cardiac arrest
- chest pain (unspecified)
- chills
- coma
- confusion
- cough
- dehydration
- dizziness
- dyspnea
- edema
- encephalopathy
- erythema
- fever
- headache
- heart failure
- hematuria
- hyperkalemia
- hypernatremia
- hypertension
- hypervolemia
- hypokalemia
- hyponatremia
- hypotension
- hypovolemia
- injection site reaction
- lethargy
- malaise
- metabolic acidosis
- metabolic alkalosis
- myalgia
- nausea
- oliguria
- osmotic nephrosis
- palpitations
- peripheral edema
- phlebitis
- polydipsia
- polyuria
- pruritus
- pulmonary edema
- rash
- renal failure (unspecified)
- rhinitis
- rhinorrhea
- seizures
- sinus tachycardia
- skin necrosis
- throat irritation
- thrombosis
- urinary retention
- urticaria
- vomiting
- wheezing
- xerostomia
Monitoring Parameters
- serum creatinine/BUN
- serum electrolytes
Contraindications
- acute bronchospasm
- acute myocardial infarction
- aneurysm
- angina
- anuria
- asthma
- breast-feeding
- children
- dehydration
- electrolyte imbalance
- gelatin hypersensitivity
- geriatric
- heart failure
- hypertension
- hypovolemia
- infants
- intracranial bleeding
- labor
- laboratory test interference
- mannitol hypersensitivity
- neonates
- obstetric delivery
- pneumothorax
- pregnancy
- premature neonates
- pulmonary edema
- renal disease
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- requires an experienced clinician
- respiratory infection
- stroke
- surgery
Interactions
- Acetaminophen; Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Magnesium Salicylate; Phenyltoloxamine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Phenyltoloxamine; Salicylamide
- Acetazolamide
- Acyclovir
- Adefovir
- Aliskiren; Amlodipine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Aliskiren; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Amiloride
- Amiloride; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Aminoglycosides
- Aminosalicylate sodium, Aminosalicylic acid
- Amlodipine; Celecoxib
- Amlodipine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Olmesartan
- Amlodipine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Valsartan
- Amphotericin B
- Arsenic Trioxide
- Aspirin, ASA
- Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Orphenadrine
- Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol
- Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol; Codeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Citric Acid; Sodium Bicarbonate
- Aspirin, ASA; Dipyridamole
- Aspirin, ASA; Omeprazole
- Aspirin, ASA; Oxycodone
- Aspirin, ASA; Pravastatin
- Atenolol; Chlorthalidone
- Atropine; Benzoic Acid; Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate
- Azelastine; Fluticasone
- Azilsartan; Chlorthalidone
- Bacitracin
- Barbiturates
- Beclomethasone
- Benazepril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Bendroflumethiazide; Nadolol
- Benzoic Acid; Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate
- Betamethasone
- Bismuth Subsalicylate
- Bismuth Subsalicylate; Metronidazole; Tetracycline
- Bisoprolol; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Budesonide
- Budesonide; Formoterol
- Bumetanide
- Candesartan; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Captopril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
- Cardiac glycosides
- Celecoxib
- Chlorothiazide
- Chlorthalidone
- Chlorthalidone; Clonidine
- Choline Salicylate; Magnesium Salicylate
- Ciclesonide
- Cidofovir
- Cisplatin
- Clofarabine
- Corticosteroids
- Cortisone
- Cyclosporine
- Deflazacort
- Dexamethasone
- Dichlorphenamide
- Diclofenac
- Diclofenac; Misoprostol
- Diflunisal
- Diphenhydramine; Ibuprofen
- Diphenhydramine; Naproxen
- Diuretics
- Enalapril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Epoprostenol
- Eprosartan; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Esomeprazole; Naproxen
- Ethacrynic Acid
- Etodolac
- Famotidine; Ibuprofen
- Fenoprofen
- Fludrocortisone
- Flunisolide
- Flurbiprofen
- Fluticasone
- Fluticasone; Salmeterol
- Fluticasone; Umeclidinium; Vilanterol
- Fluticasone; Vilanterol
- Formoterol; Mometasone
- Foscarnet
- Fosinopril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Furosemide
- Ganciclovir
- Hetastarch; Dextrose; Electrolytes
- Hydralazine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Irbesartan
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Lisinopril
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Losartan
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Methyldopa
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Metoprolol
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Moexipril
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Olmesartan
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Propranolol
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Quinapril
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Spironolactone
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Telmisartan
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Triamterene
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Valsartan
- Hydrocodone; Ibuprofen
- Hydrocortisone
- Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate; Sodium Biphosphate
- Ibuprofen
- Ibuprofen; Oxycodone
- Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine
- Iloprost
- Imipramine
- Inamrinone
- Indapamide
- Indomethacin
- Isocarboxazid
- Ketoprofen
- Ketorolac
- Lansoprazole; Naproxen
- Levomethadyl
- Lithium
- Magnesium
- Magnesium Salicylate
- Magnesium Salts
- Meclofenamate Sodium
- Mefenamic Acid
- Meloxicam
- Methazolamide
- Methyclothiazide
- Methylprednisolone
- Metolazone
- Mometasone
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
- Nabumetone
- Naproxen
- Naproxen; Pseudoephedrine
- Naproxen; Sumatriptan
- Nifedipine
- Nitrates
- Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
- Octreotide
- Oxaprozin
- Pamidronate
- Pentamidine
- Phenelzine
- Piroxicam
- Prednisolone
- Prednisone
- Rofecoxib
- Salicylates
- Salsalate
- Selegiline
- Sotalol
- Spironolactone
- Sulindac
- Tolmetin
- Tolterodine
- Torsemide
- Tranylcypromine
- Triamcinolone
- Triamterene
- Valacyclovir
- Valdecoxib
- Vancomycin
- Verteporfin
- Ziconotide
- Zoledronic Acid
