Mafenide

Mafenide Brand Name– Sulfamylon

What is Mafenide

Mafenide is a topically administered synthetic sulfonamide antibiotic indicated as an adjunctive therapy to prevent bacterial infections in second- and third-degree burns.

The mechanism of action is unknown and its bacterial susceptibility pattern differs from other sulfonamides.

It displays bacteriostatic activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and several anaerobic bacterial strains.

Mafenide and its metabolite are carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and use could result in systemic effects, including metabolic acidosis.

Mafenide cream was approved by the FDA in January 1969 and the solution received FDA approval in June 1998.

Indications

  1. burn wound infection
  2. burns
  3. Clostridium sp.
  4. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  5. Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)
  6. Staphylococcus epidermidis
  7. Streptococcus pneumoniae
  8. Streptococcus pyogenes (group A beta-hemolytic streptococci)

Side Effects

  1. bleeding
  2. contact dermatitis
  3. diarrhea
  4. disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
  5. edema
  6. eosinophilia
  7. erythema
  8. hemolytic anemia
  9. hyperchloremia
  10. hyperventilation
  11. metabolic acidosis
  12. porphyria
  13. pruritus
  14. rash
  15. superinfection
  16. tachypnea
  17. urticaria

Monitoring Parameters

  • arterial blood gases (ABGs)
  • glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity
  • serum bicarbonate
  • serum creatinine/BUN

Contraindications

  • accidental exposure
  • asthma
  • breast-feeding
  • fungal infection
  • G6PD deficiency
  • infants
  • intramuscular administration
  • intravenous administration
  • neonates
  • ocular exposure
  • pregnancy
  • premature neonates
  • pulmonary disease
  • renal failure
  • renal impairment
  • respiratory insufficiency
  • sulfonamide hypersensitivity

Interactions

There are no drug interactions associated with Mafenide products.

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