Human Papillomavirus Bivalent Vaccine Brand Name– Cervarix
What is Human Papillomavirus Bivalent Vaccine
Human papillomavirus bivalent vaccine (Cervarix) is a recombinant vaccine indicated for the prevention of certain human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and the diseases associated with these infections.
The vaccine is only effective against the 2 HPV types contained within the vaccine, which include HPV types 16 and 18. The other two commercially available HPV vaccines are Gardasil quadrivalent and Gardasil 9.
Gardasil quadrivalent is active against HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18, and Gardasil 9 is effective against HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58. HPV vaccines are only prophylactic and will not treat an active HPV infections.
Therefore, to offer the greatest protection, it is recommended to administer the vaccine prior to exposure (i.e., before onset of sexual activity).
Patients with previous exposure to HPV may still achieve benefit from the vaccine, however, no clear evidence of protection from disease caused by HPV types for which patients are PCR positive or seropositive at baseline exists.
The duration of protection has not been clearly defined; however, data indicate no loss of protection from HPV vaccines after 8—10 years.
Cervarix was FDA approved in October 2009 for the prevention of cervical precancers and cervical cancer associated with HPV types 16 and 18 in females 10—25 years of age.
In July 2011, approval was expanded to include females as young as 9 years old.
Indications
- human papillomavirus (HPV) infection prophylaxis
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- anaphylactoid reactions
- angioedema
- arthralgia
- back pain
- diabetes mellitus
- diarrhea
- dizziness
- dysmenorrhea
- edema
- erythema
- erythema multiforme
- fatigue
- fever
- headache
- hyperthyroidism
- hypothyroidism
- infection
- influenza
- injection site reaction
- lupus-like symptoms
- lymphadenopathy
- myalgia
- myelitis
- nausea
- optic neuritis
- pharyngitis
- pruritus
- psoriasis
- rash
- syncope
- thrombocytopenia
- urticaria
- vasculitis
- vomiting
Monitoring Parameters
- pap smear
- pelvic exam
Contraindications
- agammaglobulinemia
- anticoagulant therapy
- breast-feeding
- children
- coagulopathy
- fever
- geriatric
- hemophilia
- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
- hypogammaglobulinemia
- immunosuppression
- infants
- latex hypersensitivity
- neonates
- neoplastic disease
- pregnancy
- radiation therapy
- severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
- syncope
- thrombocytopenia
- vitamin K deficiency
Interactions
- Ocrelizumab
- Siponimod
