Ethotoin Brand Name– Peganone
What is Ethotoin
Ethotoin is an oral hydantoin anticonvulsant. It is typically used as a second line anticonvulsant to control tonic-clonic (grand mal) and complex partial (psychomotor) seizures.
Ethotoin works by inhibiting the spread of seizure activity in the motor cortex.
Ethotoin, while less toxic than phenytoin, is also considered less effective; however, ethotoin is usually used in combination with other anticonvulsants such as phenobarbital to control tonic-clonic seizures. Some experts claim ethotoin is not actually less effective than phenytoin, the drug’s usage is just limited by a short half-life and need for multiple daily doses, therefore compromising adherence to therapy.
Ethotoin is also used in combination with succinimide or oxazolidinedione derivatives to treat combined absence and tonic-clonic seizures, but is not effective as monotherapy for absence seizures.
Ethotoin was approved by the FDA in 1957.
Indications
- partial seizures
- tonic-clonic seizures
For the treatment of generalized tonic-clonic seizures and complex-partial seizures (as a second line or adjunct therapy)
Side Effects
- agranulocytosis
- ataxia
- chest pain (unspecified)
- confusion
- depression
- diarrhea
- diplopia
- dizziness
- drowsiness
- dysarthria
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- fatigue
- fever
- gingival hyperplasia
- headache
- insomnia
- leukopenia
- lupus-like symptoms
- lymphadenopathy
- megaloblastic anemia
- nausea
- nystagmus
- pancytopenia
- rash
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- suicidal ideation
- thrombocytopenia
- vomiting
Monitoring Parameters
- CBC
- EEG
- LFTs
Contraindications
- abrupt discontinuation
- agranulocytosis
- anemia
- barbiturate hypersensitivity
- bleeding
- breast-feeding
- carbamazepine hypersensitivity
- dental work
- depression
- diabetes mellitus
- driving or operating machinery
- geriatric
- hematological disease
- hepatic disease
- hydantoin hypersensitivity
- hypoglycemia
- hyponatremia
- infection
- jaundice
- leukopenia
- neonates
- obstetric delivery
- osteomalacia
- osteoporosis
- petit mal (absence) seizures
- pregnancy
- status epilepticus
- suicidal ideation
- thrombocytopenia
- vitamin K deficiency
Interactions
- Acetaminophen
- Acetaminophen; Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine
- Acetaminophen; Butalbital
- Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine
- Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Magnesium Salicylate; Phenyltoloxamine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Phenyltoloxamine; Salicylamide
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine; Phenyltoloxamine
- Acetaminophen; Codeine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Doxylamine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Dichloralphenazone; Isometheptene
- Acetaminophen; Diphenhydramine
- Acetaminophen; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Hydrocodone
- Acetaminophen; Oxycodone
- Acetaminophen; Pentazocine
- Acetaminophen; Propoxyphene
- Acetaminophen; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Tramadol
- Acrivastine; Pseudoephedrine
- Acyclovir
- Albendazole
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- Alfentanil
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