Estramustine Brand Name– Emcyt
What is Estramustine
Estramustine is an oral, nitrogen mustard antineoplastic agent that is used to treat prostate cancer.
Estramustine is a combination of an estradiol molecule linked to nornitrogen mustard.
The oral compound contains a phosphate group that facilitates higher water solubility and oral absorption. In patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer, estramustine has produced responses in 30—60% of patients as measured by reductions in tumor size, pain, and prostate specific antigen levels.
Combination therapy of estramustine with paclitaxel, etoposide, or vinorelbine for the treatment of prostate or breast cancers is being investigated.
Estramustine has also been studied in vitro and in vivo for the treatment of malignant glioma.
The oral form of estramustine phosphate is the disodium salt of the compound.
Estramustine was approved by the FDA in December 21, 1981.
An intravenous formulation of estramustine is under investigation.
Indications
- prostate cancer
For the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer
for the treatment of hormone-refractory, metastatic prostate cancer in combination with docetaxel
Side Effects
- angioedema
- anorexia
- anxiety
- chest pain (unspecified)
- diarrhea
- dyspepsia
- dyspnea
- ecchymosis
- edema
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- emotional lability
- flatulence
- fluid retention
- flushing
- GI bleeding
- gynecomastia
- gynecomastia
- headache
- heart failure
- hoarseness
- hyperbilirubinemia
- impotence (erectile dysfunction)
- insomnia
- lacrimation
- lethargy
- leukopenia
- mastalgia
- muscle cramps
- myocardial infarction
- nausea
- peripheral edema
- phlebitis
- polydipsia
- pruritus
- pulmonary embolism
- rash
- stroke
- thrombocytopenia
- thromboembolism
- thrombosis
- vomiting
- xerosis
Monitoring Parameters
- CBC with differential
- LFTs
- serum creatinine/BUN
Contraindications
- breast-feeding
- cardiac disease
- cerebrovascular disease
- children
- coronary artery disease
- diabetes mellitus
- heart failure
- hepatic disease
- herpes infection
- hypercalcemia
- hypertension
- hypocalcemia
- jaundice
- male-mediated teratogenicity
- migraine
- myocardial infarction
- peripheral edema
- pregnancy
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- seizure disorder
- stroke
- thromboembolic disease
- thrombophlebitis
- vaccination
- varicella
- viral infection
Interactions
- Abciximab
- Acarbose
- Acetohexamide
- Alogliptin; Metformin
- Alogliptin; Pioglitazone
- Alpha interferons
- Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors
- Alteplase
- Anagrelide
- Anticoagulants
- Antithrombin III
- Antithymocyte Globulin
- Apixaban
- Argatroban
- Aspirin, ASA; Dipyridamole
- Azelastine; Fluticasone
- Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccine, BCG
- Beclomethasone
- Betamethasone
- Betrixaban
- Bivalirudin
- Budesonide
- Budesonide; Formoterol
- Calcium
- Canagliflozin; Metformin
- Carbamazepine
- Chlorpropamide
- Ciclesonide
- Cilostazol
- Clobazam
- Clopidogrel
- Clozapine
- Corticosteroids
- Cortisone
- Dabigatran
- Dalteparin
- Danaparoid
- Dapagliflozin; Metformin
- Deflazacort
- Desirudin
- Dexamethasone
- Diclofenac
- Diclofenac; Misoprostol
- Digoxin
- Diphenhydramine; Ibuprofen
- Diphenhydramine; Naproxen
- Dipyridamole
- Echinacea
- Edoxaban
- Empagliflozin; Linagliptin; Metformin
- Empagliflozin; Metformin
- Enoxaparin
- Eptifibatide
- Ertugliflozin; Metformin
- Esomeprazole; Naproxen
- Ethotoin
- Etodolac
- Famotidine; Ibuprofen
- Febuxostat
- Fenoprofen
- Filgrastim, G-CSF
- Fludrocortisone
- Flunisolide
- Flurbiprofen
- Fluticasone
- Fluticasone; Salmeterol
- Fluticasone; Umeclidinium; Vilanterol
- Fluticasone; Vilanterol
- Fondaparinux
- food
- Formoterol; Mometasone
- Fosphenytoin
- Glimepiride
- Glimepiride; Pioglitazone
- Glimepiride; Rosiglitazone
- Glipizide
- Glipizide; Metformin
- Glyburide
- Glyburide; Metformin
- Heparin
- Hydantoins
- Hydrocodone; Ibuprofen
- Hydrocortisone
- Ibuprofen
- Ibuprofen; Oxycodone
- Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine
- Indomethacin
- Influenza Virus Vaccine
- Insulins
- Interferon Alfa-2a
- Interferon Alfa-2b
- Interferon Alfa-2b; Ribavirin
- Interferon Alfa-n3
- Interferon Alfacon-1
- Intranasal Influenza Vaccine
- Ketoprofen
- Ketorolac
- Lansoprazole; Naproxen
- Lepirudin
- Linagliptin; Metformin
- Live Vaccines
- Measles Virus; Mumps Virus; Rubella Virus; Varicella Virus Vaccine, Live
- Measles/Mumps/Rubella Vaccines, MMR
- Meclofenamate Sodium
- Mefenamic Acid
- Meglitinides
- Meloxicam
- Metformin
- Metformin; Pioglitazone
- Metformin; Repaglinide
- Metformin; Rosiglitazone
- Metformin; Saxagliptin
- Metformin; Sitagliptin
- Methylprednisolone
- Miglitol
- Mometasone
- Nabumetone
- Naproxen
- Naproxen; Pseudoephedrine
- Naproxen; Sumatriptan
- Nateglinide
- Nefazodone
- Oxaprozin
- Palifermin
- Peginterferon Alfa-2a
- Peginterferon Alfa-2b
- Penicillamine
- Pentosan
- Phenytoin
- Pioglitazone
- Piroxicam
- Platelet Inhibitors
- Polycarbophil
- Prasugrel
- Prednisolone
- Prednisone
- Repaglinide
- Reteplase, r-PA
- Rivaroxaban
- Rosiglitazone
- Rotavirus Vaccine
- Rubella Virus Vaccine Live
- Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine, Live, Nonreplicating
- Smallpox Vaccine, Vaccinia Vaccine
- Streptokinase
- Sulfonylureas
- Sulindac
- Tbo-Filgrastim
- Tenecteplase
- Thiazolidinediones
- Thrombolytic Agents
- Ticagrelor
- Ticlopidine
- Tinzaparin
- Tirofiban
- Tolazamide
- Tolbutamide
- Tolmetin
- Triamcinolone
- Tuberculin Purified Protein Derivative, PPD
- Typhoid Vaccine
- Urokinase
- Varicella-Zoster Virus Vaccine, Live
- Vorapaxar
- Warfarin
- Yellow Fever Vaccine, Live
