Acetazolamide Brand Name – Diamox | Diamox Sequels
What is Acetazolamide
Acetazolamide is an oral and parenteral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Other members of this class include methazolamide and dichlorphenamide.
Acetazolamide is used for the prophylaxis and treatment of altitude sickness, and as an adjunct treatment for glaucoma and epilepsy (i.e., absence seizures).
Acetazolamide has been used as a diuretic for edema due to congestive heart failure, but it has been replaced by thiazide and loop diuretics because it rapidly loses its diuretic effect and is less potent than other classes of diuretics.
Acetazolamide has also been used as an adjunctive agent to reverse metabolic alkalosis in mechanically ventilated patients, after fluid and electrolyte imbalances have been corrected.
Acetazolamide was approved by the FDA in 1953.
Indications
- absence seizures
- altitude sickness
- altitude sickness prophylaxis
- edema
- familial periodic paralysis
- glaucoma
- increased intracranial pressure
- metabolic alkalosis
- nystagmus
- partial seizures
- tonic-clonic seizures
- urinary alkalinization
Side Effects
- acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP)
- agranulocytosis
- anaphylactic shock
- anaphylactoid reactions
- anorexia
- aplastic anemia
- ataxia
- confusion
- crystalluria
- depression
- diarrhea
- dizziness
- drowsiness
- dysgeusia
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- fatigue
- fever
- flushing
- glycosuria
- growth inhibition
- headache
- hematuria
- hemolysis
- hemolytic anemia
- hepatic encephalopathy
- hepatic failure
- hepatic necrosis
- hyperchloremia
- hyperglycemia
- hyperuricemia
- hypoglycemia
- hypokalemia
- hyponatremia
- injection site reaction
- jaundice
- leukopenia
- malaise
- melena
- metabolic acidosis
- muscle paralysis
- myopia
- nausea
- nephrolithiasis
- pancytopenia
- paresthesias
- photosensitivity
- polyuria
- purpura
- renal failure (unspecified)
- renal tubular obstruction
- seizures
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- thrombocytopenia
- tinnitus
- toxic epidermal necrolysis
- urticaria
- vomiting
- xerostomia
Monitoring Parameters
- CBC with differential
- intraocular pressure
- ophthalmologic exam
- serum electrolytes
Contraindications
- acid/base imbalance
- acidemia
- adrenal insufficiency
- agranulocytosis
- anuria
- bone marrow suppression
- breast-feeding
- carbonic anhydrase inhibitor hypersensitivity
- children
- closed-angle glaucoma
- dialysis
- driving or operating machinery
- electrolyte imbalance
- emphysema
- geriatric
- growth inhibition
- hepatic disease
- hyperchloremia
- hypokalemia
- hyponatremia
- infants
- infection
- metabolic acidosis
- neonates
- pregnancy
- pulmonary disease
- renal disease
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- respiratory acidosis
- sulfonamide hypersensitivity
- sunlight (UV) exposure
Interactions
- Acarbose
- Acetaminophen; Butalbital
- Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine
- Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetohexamide
- Acrivastine; Pseudoephedrine
- Albuterol
- Albuterol; Ipratropium
- Alogliptin
- Alogliptin; Metformin
- Alogliptin; Pioglitazone
- Alprazolam
- Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Hydroxide
- Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Hydroxide; Simethicone
- Ammonium Chloride
- Amobarbital
- Amoxapine
- Amphetamine
- Amphetamine; Dextroamphetamine
- Amphetamine; Dextroamphetamine Salts
- Amphotericin B
- Amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate complex (ABCD)
- Amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC)
- Amphotericin B liposomal (LAmB)
- Arsenic Trioxide
- Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Citric Acid; Sodium Bicarbonate
- Atracurium
- Atropine; Benzoic Acid; Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate
- Atropine; Hyoscyamine; Phenobarbital; Scopolamine
- Barbiturates
- Belladonna Alkaloids; Ergotamine; Phenobarbital
- Benzoic Acid; Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate
- Benzphetamine
- Brompheniramine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Brompheniramine; Pseudoephedrine
- Bumetanide
- Bupropion
- Bupropion; Naltrexone
- Butabarbital
- Calcium Carbonate; Magnesium Hydroxide
- Calcium Phosphate, Supersaturated
- Canagliflozin; Metformin
- Carbamazepine
- Carbetapentane; Pseudoephedrine
- Carbinoxamine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Carbinoxamine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Carbinoxamine; Pseudoephedrine
- Central-acting adrenergic agents
- Cetirizine; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlophedianol; Dexchlorpheniramine; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Dihydrocodeine; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlorpropamide
- Ciprofloxacin
- Cisapride
- Cisatracurium
- Citalopram
- Clozapine
- Corticosteroids
- Cyclosporine
- Dapagliflozin; Metformin
- Dapagliflozin; Saxagliptin
- Desloratadine; Pseudoephedrine
- Dexchlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Dextroamphetamine
- Dextromethorphan; Guaifenesin; Pseudoephedrine
- Dextromethorphan; Quinidine
- Dichlorphenamide
- Diflunisal
- Digoxin
- Dihydrocodeine; Guaifenesin; Pseudoephedrine
- Donepezil; Memantine
- Doxacurium
- Droperidol
- Empagliflozin; Linagliptin
- Empagliflozin; Linagliptin; Metformin
- Empagliflozin; Metformin
- Ephedrine
- Epoprostenol
- Ertugliflozin; Metformin
- Ertugliflozin; Sitagliptin
- Ethacrynic Acid
- Ethotoin
- Fexofenadine; Pseudoephedrine
- Flecainide
- Fosphenytoin
- Furosemide
- Gallium Ga 68 Dotatate
- Glimepiride
- Glimepiride; Pioglitazone
- Glimepiride; Rosiglitazone
- Glipizide
- Glipizide; Metformin
- Glyburide
- Glyburide; Metformin
- Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Guaifenesin; Pseudoephedrine
- Halofantrine
- Haloperidol
- Hydantoins
- Hydrocodone; Potassium Guaiacolsulfonate; Pseudoephedrine
- Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Hydroxychloroquine
- Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate; Sodium Biphosphate
- Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine
- Iloprost
- Inamrinone
- Incretin Mimetics
- Insulins
- Levalbuterol
- Levomethadyl
- Linagliptin
- Linagliptin; Metformin
- Lisdexamfetamine
- Lithium
- Loop diuretics
- Loratadine; Pseudoephedrine
- Magnesium Hydroxide
- Magnesium Salts
- Mannitol
- Mecamylamine
- Mefloquine
- Memantine
- Mephobarbital
- Metformin
- Metformin; Pioglitazone
- Metformin; Repaglinide
- Metformin; Rosiglitazone
- Metformin; Saxagliptin
- Metformin; Sitagliptin
- Methadone
- Methamphetamine
- Methazolamide
- Methenamine
- Methenamine; Sodium Acid Phosphate
- Methenamine; Sodium Acid Phosphate; Methylene Blue; Hyoscyamine
- Methohexital
- Mexiletine
- Miglitol
- Mivacurium
- Molindone
- Naproxen; Pseudoephedrine
- Nateglinide
- Nifedipine
- Nitrates
- Norfloxacin
- Octreotide
- Omeprazole; Sodium Bicarbonate
- Pancuronium
- Pentobarbital
- Phenobarbital
- Phentermine; Topiramate
- Phenytoin
- Pimozide
- Pioglitazone
- Potassium-sparing diuretics
- Pramlintide
- Primidone
- Pseudoephedrine
- Quetiapine
- Quinidine
- Quinine
- Repaglinide
- Reserpine
- Rocuronium
- Rosiglitazone
- Salicylates
- Saxagliptin
- Secobarbital
- SGLT2 Inhibitors
- Simvastatin; Sitagliptin
- Sitagliptin
- Sodium Bicarbonate
- Sodium Phosphate Monobasic Monohydrate; Sodium Phosphate Dibasic Anhydrous
- Sotalol
- Succinylcholine
- Sulfonylureas
- Thiazide diuretics
- Thiazolidinediones
- Thiopental
- Tolazamide
- Tolbutamide
- Tolterodine
- Topiramate
- Torsemide
- Trazodone
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- Tubocurarine
- Urea
- Vecuronium
- Vorinostat
- Zonisamide
