Why is a vena cavogram performed before IVC filter placement? A vena cavogram is performed to evaluate the size, anatomy, and patency of the IVC. It is important to know the diameter of the IVC because each filter can be safely placed in vessels up to a certain size. Most IVC filters can be placed …
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When would a superior vena cava filter be placed? Filters are rarely placed in the SVC because the small clot burden in the upper extremities is rarely thought to lead to clinically significant PE. SVC filters are indicated in the unique setting of symptomatic PE that can be traced with a high degree of certainty …
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What are relative contraindications to IVC filter placement? The decision to place a permanent medical device should be made on a case-by-case basis and only after careful deliberation of the patient’s history. One relative contraindication to filter placement is septic emboli or active bacteremia because of the theoretic risk of infectious seeding of the filter. …
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What are absolute contraindications to IVC filter placement? Although rare, absolute contraindications include a lack of venous access; complete thrombosis of the IVC; or a severe, uncorrectable coagulopathy.
What is Virchows triad? Virchow’s triad is a basis for understanding the factors that contribute to thrombosis, including: • A hypercoagulable state, such as caused by malignancy, nephrotic syndrome, or oral contraceptives. • Vascular stasis resulting from shock, heart failure, venous obstruction, extrinsic compression, or other causes. • Vascular injury secondary to various causes, such as trauma, inflammation, …
What is a prophylactic IVC filter? A prophylactic IVC filter is placed in patients who are at an increased risk for, but do not currently have, DVT or PE. These filters are most commonly placed in patients who face prolonged immobilization. This population primarily consists of trauma patients with long bone or pelvic fractures and …
Relative indications for IVC filter placement • Thromboembolic disease with limited cardiopulmonary reserve. • Poor compliance with anticoagulation therapy. • Chronic PE with pulmonary hypertension. • Prophylaxis in the setting of prolonged immobilization. • Large clot burden or free-floating pelvic/IVC thrombus.