What are the most common testicular tumors in adolescents? Germ cell tumors are the most common testicular tumors in adolescents, but the most common histologic types are seminomas, choriocarcinomas, teratocarcinomas, and tumors with mixed histologies.
What is the most common testicular tumor in children? Yolk sac tumor is the most common testicular tumor in children. Yolk sac tumors occur more commonly than teratomas and are seen primarily during the first 2 years of life. Most children with yolk sac tumors have elevated α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, whereas children with teratomas do …
If epididymitis is present in an infant, what should be suspected as the etiologic factor? Epididymitis is rare in infants and is usually associated with an anatomic abnormality of the genitourinary system such as a dysplastic kidney with an ectopic ureter to the epididymal-related structures. Renal/bladder US and VCUG are indicated.
What are the main differential diagnostic considerations of a painful scrotum? The main differential diagnostic considerations of a painful scrotum are testicular torsion and epididymitis and/or orchitis. Testicular torsion is a surgical emergency and can be confirmed or excluded with duplex Doppler US or planar scintigraphy (using technetium-99m ( 99m Tc) pertechnetate as the radiotracer), although the …
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What is the most common cause of a scrotal mass? The most common cause of a scrotal mass is probably a hydrocele, which is a collection of fluid outside the testicle, between layers of the tunica vaginalis. It may be congenital or may be associated with trauma, torsion, or hemorrhage.
Are the collecting systems and ureters dilated in a duplicated system? The appearance depends on whether there is reflux into the lower pole ureter and the exact site of the ectopically inserting upper pole ureter. In the typical situation, which is often bilateral, the distal ureters are contained within a common sheath and either come …
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What is the Weigert Meyer rule? According to the Weigert Meyer rule, when there is a complete duplication of the kidney, the lower pole ureter inserts normally into the bladder. The upper pole ureter inserts ectopically into the bladder, in a location that is medial and caudal to the insertion of the lower pole ureter.