4 Interesting Facts of Primary Sjogren syndrome Autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of salivary and lacrimal glands; central nervous system and other organs are often involved as well Similar features include motor and sensory deficits Differentiating features include dry eyes, dry mouth, dry skin, joint stiffness, and thyroid dysfunction Diagnosed by clinical features (eg, …
4 Interesting Facts of Neurosarcoidosis Inflammation in the brain, spinal cord, and other areas of the nervous system; a complication of sarcoidosis Similar features include central nervous system involvement, visual impairment, and vertigo; multifocal lesions may occur Differentiating features include seizures, meningitis, and symptoms outside the nervous system Diagnosis is supported by elevated ACE levels …
4 Interesting Facts of Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder Inflammatory disorder of central nervous system characterized by recurrent attacks of optic neuritis and acute transverse myelitis Similar features include abrupt changes in vision, weakness and numbness of extremities, spasticity, and loss of bowel or bladder control Differentiating features include intractable hiccups or protracted nausea and vomiting …
5 Interesting Facts of Cardiomyopathy Heterogeneous group of myocardial disorders, typically characterized by either ventricular hypertrophy or dilation Potential causes of cardiomyopathy are diverse and include hypertensive, genetic (familial), inflammatory, metabolic, endocrine, toxic, and infiltrative processes Presentation reflects underlying pathology; dilated cardiomyopathy typically presents as heart failure or reduced cardiac output while hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may …
4 Interesting Facts of Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from pulmonary artery Congenital abnormality in which the left coronary artery arises from the pulmonary artery rather than the aorta Manifestations often develop with decrease in pulmonary arterial resistance in the first few weeks of life, presenting with symptoms and signs of congestive heart …
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5 Interesting Facts of Critical coarctation of the aorta Congenital narrowing of the proximal thoracic aorta (typically as stenosis in the juxtaductal position), hypoplasia of the transverse aortic arch, or stenosis of the abdominal aorta Heart failure results during ductal closure when coarctation is significantly stenotic owing to acute development of left ventricular outflow obstruction; …
7 Interesting Facts of Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children MIS-C (multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children) is a recently described clinical syndrome in children and adolescents, first recognized in temporal association with a high local prevalence of COVID-19. Subsequently, most reported cases have had laboratory evidence of recent infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 …