What electroencephalographic abnormality is associated with hepatic encephalopathy

What electroencephalographic abnormality is associated with hepatic encephalopathy? 

Slow triphasic waves are the abnormal EEG pattern reported with hepatic encephalopathy, and the pattern is commonly used to support the diagnosis.

It can also be seen with encephalopathy associated with head trauma (especially with subdural hematoma), acute cerebral anoxia, uremia, electrolyte imbalance, and thyrotoxicosis. 

Sources

  • Görg B, Qvartskhava N, Keitel V, et al.: Ammonia induces RNA oxidation in cultured astrocytes and brain in vivo. Hepatology 48:567-579, 2008. 
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  • Cordoba J: Hepatic encephalopathy: from the pathogenesis to the new treatments. ISRN Hepatology Vol 2014; Article ID 236368, 16 pages, 2014. 
  • Bass NM, Mullen KD, Sanyal A, Poordad F, Neff G, Leevy CB, et al.: Rifaxamin treatment in hepatic encephalopathy. N Engl J Med 362:1071-1081, 2010. 
  • Dhiman RK, Chawla YK: Minimal hepatic encephalopathy: time to recognise and treat. Trop Gastroenterol 29:6-12, 2008. 
  • Lockwood AH, Weissenborn R, Butterworth RF: An image of the brain in patients with liver disease. Curr Opin Neurol 10:525-533, 1997. 
  • Gosalakkal JA, Kamoji V: Reye syndrome and Reye-like syndrome. Pediatr Neurol 39:198-200, 2008. 
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