What are Secondary causes of persistent idiopathic facial pain and the treatment
Secondary causes such as TMD, dental pathology, nasopharyngeal tumors, and rarely lung carcinoma should be excluded by evaluation by a dentist and appropriate testing including an MRI of the brain and radiologic examination of the chest.
Treatment is difficult. Amitriptyline, fluoxetine, venlafaxine, and topiramate may be effective.
