Which treatments may be used in Takayasu Arteritis as adjuncts to glucocorticoids?
The best evidence base and clinical experience exists for methotrexate.
The use of tocilizumab in relapsing TA has been investigated, although data supporting its use in TA are less robust than in GCA.
Leflunomide, mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, ustekinumab, and infliximab have also been used in refractory cases. Cyclophosphamide is reserved as a salvage therapy.
Besides immunosuppression, BP control, antiplatelet therapy, tobacco cessation, and lipid management are essential to reduce cardiovascular risk. Angioplasty, stenting, and bypass graft surgery are indicated for symptomatic stenotic lesions that do not improve with medical therapy.
