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Iron Salts Brand Names
BeneHealth Ferrous Sulfate | Bifera | Duofer | ED-In-Sol | Feosol | Feosol Complete | Feosol Natural Release | Feratab | Ferate | Fer-Gen-Sol | Fergon | Fer-In-Sol | Fer-iron | Ferretts | Ferrimin | Ferrocite | Ferro-Sequels | Hemocyte | ICAR | ICAR Pediatric | Iron | MyKidz Iron 10 | Nephro-Fer | Pedia Iron | Proferrin ES | Slow Fe | Slow Iron | Tandem
What is Iron Salts
Iron salts are used in the treatment and prevention of iron-deficiency anemia and for nutritional supplementation when iron intake in the diet is inadequate to meet body needs.
Iron is an essential mineral and is a component of hemoglobin, myoglobin, and multiple enzymes.
The anemia of iron deficiency may result in fatigue, exertional shortness of breath, tachycardia, pallor, headache, glossitis, koilonychia (spoon nails), and decreased cognitive functioning. Meat, fish, and poultry are excellent sources of iron in the diet.
Other good dietary sources of iron include beans, dried fruits (e.g., raisins), and enriched cereals and grains. Infant formulas are commonly fortified with iron in the US. Several therapeutic iron salts are available as supplements, including ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate, and ferrous fumarate.
Some clinicians believe oral ferrous gluconate causes fewer adverse GI effects than does oral ferrous sulfate; however, this observation may be related to the lower amount of elemental iron in ferrous gluconate (12%) relative to ferrous sulfate (20%).
Carbonyl iron is a form of elemental iron produced by a chemical carbonyl decomposition process.
Carbonyl iron particles are small (e.g., 5 microns) and have large surface areas, which results in improved bioavailability relative to the iron salts.
Ferrous sulfate was in use before 1938 and approved by the FDA at its inception.
Indications
- anemia
- anemia of prematurity
- iron-deficiency anemia
- nutritional supplementation
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP)
- anorexia
- constipation
- diarrhea
- dyspepsia
- dysphagia
- esophageal stricture
- esophageal ulceration
- esophagitis
- hemosiderosis
- nausea
- odynophagia
- oral ulceration
- stool discoloration
- tooth discoloration
- vomiting
Monitoring Parameters
- ferritin
- hemoglobin/hematocrit
- serum iron
Contraindications
- accidental exposure
- anemia
- breast-feeding
- children
- colitis
- dysphagia
- geriatric
- GI disease
- GI obstruction
- hemochromatosis
- hemolytic anemia
- hemosiderosis
- hepatic disease
- ileus
- infants
- inflammatory bowel disease
- neonates
- peptic ulcer disease
- porphyria
- pregnancy
- sideroblastic anemia
- sulfite hypersensitivity
- thalassemia
Interactions
- Abacavir; Dolutegravir; Lamivudine
- Acetohydroxamic Acid
- Amoxicillin; Clarithromycin; Lansoprazole
- Amoxicillin; Clarithromycin; Omeprazole
- Antacids
- Aspirin, ASA; Citric Acid; Sodium Bicarbonate
- Aspirin, ASA; Omeprazole
- Bictegravir; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir Alafenamide
- Bisphosphonates
- Calcium Carbonate
- Calcium Carbonate; Magnesium Hydroxide
- Calcium Carbonate; Risedronate
- Calcium Carbonate; Simethicone
- Carbidopa; Levodopa
- Carbidopa; Levodopa; Entacapone
- Cefdinir
- Cholestyramine
- Cimetidine
- Ciprofloxacin
- Darbepoetin Alfa
- Deferasirox
- Deferiprone
- Deferoxamine
- Delafloxacin
- Dexlansoprazole
- Didanosine, ddI
- Dimercaprol
- Dolutegravir
- Dolutegravir; Lamivudine
- Dolutegravir; Rilpivirine
- Eltrombopag
- enteral feedings
- Epoetin Alfa
- Esomeprazole
- Esomeprazole; Naproxen
- Ethanol
- Famotidine
- Famotidine; Ibuprofen
- Ferric carboxymaltose
- Ferumoxytol
- food
- Gemifloxacin
- Green Tea
- H2-blockers
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Methyldopa
- Ibritumomab Tiuxetan
- Iron – Injectable Only
- Iron Dextran
- Iron Sucrose, Sucroferric Oxyhydroxide
- Lansoprazole
- Lansoprazole; Naproxen
- Lanthanum Carbonate
- Levodopa
- Levofloxacin
- Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta
- Methyldopa
- Moxifloxacin
- Mycophenolate
- Nizatidine
- Norfloxacin
- Ofloxacin
- Omeprazole
- Omeprazole; Amoxicillin; Rifabutin
- Omeprazole; Sodium Bicarbonate
- Pantoprazole
- Penicillamine
- Phosphorated Carbohydrate Solution
- Phosphorus
- Potassium Phosphate
- Potassium Phosphate; Sodium Phosphate
- Proton pump inhibitors
- Rabeprazole
- Ranitidine
- Sodium Bicarbonate
- Sodium picosulfate; Magnesium oxide; Anhydrous citric acid
- Tetracyclines
- Thyroid hormones
- Trientine
- Zinc
