Gramicidin Neomycin Polymyxin B

Gramicidin Neomycin Polymyxin B Brand Names

AK-Spore Ophthalmic | Neocidin | Neosporin | Ocu-Spore-G | Polymycin

What is Gramicidin Neomycin Polymyxin B

Gramicidin Neomycin Polymyxin B are antimicrobial agents used together in ophthalmic preparations to treat ocular bacterial infections.

The combination may also be used as prophylaxis when there is a risk of infection.

Gramicidin is a mixture of three pairs of antimicrobials (gramicidin A, B, and C) and is produced by growth of a strain of Bacillus brevis. Neomycin is a aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from cultures of Streptomyces fradiae. Polymyxin B is a polypeptide antibiotic derived from a strain of Bacillus polymyxa.

Gramicidin is active against a variety of gram-positive organisms; polymyxin B against a variety of gram-negative organisms; and neomycin against many gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.

Combining these antimicrobials provides an overlapping coverage against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including streptococci.

The FDA approved Gramicidin Neomycin Polymyxin B ophthalmic solution in June 1968.

Indications

1. bacterial conjunctivitis
2. blepharitis
3. blepharoconjunctivitis
4. Enterobacter sp.
5. Escherichia coli
6. Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase negative)
7. Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive)
8. keratitis
9. keratoconjunctivitis
10. Klebsiella sp.
11. Neisseria sp.
12. ophthalmic infection
13. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
14. Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
15. Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)
16. Streptococcus pneumoniae
17. Streptococcus sp.
18. surgical infection prophylaxis

Side Effects

1. anaphylactoid reactions
2. blurred vision
3. erythema
4. ocular irritation
5. ocular pruritus
6. superinfection

Monitoring Parameters

• laboratory monitoring not necessary

Contraindications

• aminoglycoside hypersensitivity
• breast-feeding
• children
• contact lenses
• neomycin hypersensitivity
• polymyxin hypersensitivity
• pregnancy

Interactions

There are no drug interactions associated with Gramicidin; Neomycin; Polymyxin B products.