Ethambutol Brand Name– Myambutol
What is Ethambutol
Ethambutol is used in the treatment of mycobacterial infections including tuberculosis and atypical mycobacterial infections.
It is considered a first-line antituberculosis agent and is used in combination with isoniazid, pyrazinamide, rifampin, and/or streptomycin for treating isoniazid-susceptible organisms and when resistance to isoniazid or rifampin has been confirmed.
Ethambutol appears to be more effective and less toxic than other antitubercular agents.
Ethambutol was approved by the FDA in 1967.
Indications
- Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) prophylaxis
- Mycobacterium avium complex infection
- Mycobacterium sp.
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- tuberculosis infection
Per the manufacturer, this drug has been shown to be active against most strains of the following microorganisms either in vitro and/or in clinical infections: Mycobacterium sp., Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- anaphylactoid reactions
- anorexia
- arthralgia
- blurred vision
- confusion
- dizziness
- eosinophilic pneumonia
- erythema multiforme
- exfoliative dermatitis
- fever
- gout
- hallucinations
- headache
- hepatitis
- hyperuricemia
- leukopenia
- lymphadenopathy
- malaise
- myocarditis
- nausea
- neutropenia
- optic neuritis
- pericarditis
- peripheral neuropathy
- pneumonitis
- pruritus
- rash
- scotomata
- thrombocytopenia
- visual impairment
- vomiting
Monitoring Parameters
- ophthalmologic exam
- platelet count
- serum creatinine/BUN
- serum uric acid
Contraindications
- breast-feeding
- cataracts
- children
- diabetic retinopathy
- gout
- hepatic disease
- infants
- neonates
- ocular disease
- optic neuritis
- pregnancy
- renal impairment
Interactions
- Aluminum Hydroxide
- Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Carbonate
- Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Hydroxide
- Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Hydroxide; Simethicone
- Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Trisilicate
- Aminosalicylate sodium, Aminosalicylic acid
- Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccine, BCG
- Capreomycin
- Colchicine; Probenecid
- Ethionamide
- Isoniazid, INH
- Isoniazid, INH; Pyrazinamide, PZA; Rifampin
- Isoniazid, INH; Rifampin
- Omeprazole; Amoxicillin; Rifabutin
- Probenecid
- Pyrazinamide, PZA
- Rifabutin
- Rifampin
- Sulfinpyrazone
- Vigabatrin
