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Enflurane Brand Names- Compound-347 | Ethrane
What is Enflurane
Enflurane is a halogenated inhalational anesthetic used for general anesthesia.
Enflurane is formulated as a nonflammable liquid administered by vaporizing and has a mild, sweet odor.
Both onset of action and recovery from anesthesia are rapid with enflurane. As with most inhaled anesthetics, enflurane is typically used with adjunctive medications such as narcotics or nitrous oxide, or it can be given in low doses to provide analgesia for procedures not requiring loss of consciousness.
Enflurane at concentrations of 0.25—1% provides analgesia roughly equivalent to 30—60% nitrous oxide.
Enflurane is an excellent muscle relaxant, providing enough relaxation for intra-abdominal surgery.
Enflurane received FDA approval in August 1972.
Indications
- Caesarean section anesthesia
- general anesthesia induction
- general anesthesia maintenance
- obstetric anesthesia
- severe pain
Side Effects
- agitation
- bronchospasm
- carboxyhemoglobinemia
- delirium
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- fetal death
- hepatic failure
- hepatic necrosis
- hyperkalemia
- hypersalivation
- hypotension
- hypoxia
- jaundice
- leukocytosis
- malignant hyperthermia
- myoglobinuria
- nausea
- neonatal respiratory depression
- premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)
- QT prolongation
- respiratory depression
- restlessness
- seizures
- shivering
- spontaneous fetal abortion
- teratogenesis
- uterine relaxation
- vomiting
Monitoring Parameters
- arterial blood gases (ABGs)
Contraindications
- accidental exposure
- apheresis
- AV block
- bradycardia
- breast-feeding
- carboxyhemoglobinemia
- cardiomyopathy
- celiac disease
- children
- driving or operating machinery
- females
- fever
- geriatric
- halogenated anesthetics hypersensitivity
- halothane anesthesia
- head trauma
- heart failure
- hepatic disease
- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
- hyperparathyroidism
- hypocalcemia
- hypokalemia
- hypomagnesemia
- hypothermia
- hypothyroidism
- increased intracranial pressure
- intracranial mass
- labor
- long QT syndrome
- malignant hyperthermia
- myasthenia gravis
- myocardial infarction
- neuromuscular disease
- obstetric delivery
- pheochromocytoma
- pregnancy
- QT prolongation
- rheumatoid arthritis
- seizure disorder
- seizures
- sickle cell disease
- sleep deprivation
- stroke
- systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Interactions
- Abarelix
- Acetaminophen; Butalbital
- Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine
- Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Magnesium Salicylate; Phenyltoloxamine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Phenyltoloxamine; Salicylamide
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine; Phenyltoloxamine
- Acetaminophen; Codeine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Doxylamine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Diphenhydramine
- Acetaminophen; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Hydrocodone
- Acetaminophen; Oxycodone
- Acetaminophen; Propoxyphene
- Acetaminophen; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Tramadol
- Acrivastine; Pseudoephedrine
- Alfentanil
- Alfuzosin
- Aliskiren
- Aliskiren; Amlodipine
- Aliskiren; Amlodipine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Aliskiren; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Aliskiren; Valsartan
- Ambenonium Chloride
- Ambrisentan
- Amikacin
- Amiodarone
- Amobarbital
- Amoxapine
- Amoxicillin; Clarithromycin; Lansoprazole
- Amoxicillin; Clarithromycin; Omeprazole
- Amphetamine
- Amphetamine; Dextroamphetamine
- Amphetamine; Dextroamphetamine Salts
- Anagrelide
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- Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
- Apomorphine
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- Articaine; Epinephrine
- Asenapine
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- Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Orphenadrine
- Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol
- Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol; Codeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Oxycodone
- Atomoxetine
- Atracurium
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- Atropine; Hyoscyamine; Phenobarbital; Scopolamine
- Azelastine
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- Azithromycin
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- Chlorpheniramine; Dihydrocodeine; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone
- Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine
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- Dimenhydrinate
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- Entrectinib
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- Fentanyl
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- Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin
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- Glasdegib
- Goserelin
- Granisetron
- Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone
- Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
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- Guaifenesin; Pseudoephedrine
- Halofantrine
- Haloperidol
- Histrelin
- Homatropine; Hydrocodone
- Hydrocodone
- Hydrocodone; Ibuprofen
- Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
- Hydrocodone; Potassium Guaiacolsulfonate
- Hydrocodone; Potassium Guaiacolsulfonate; Pseudoephedrine
- Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Hydromorphone
- Hydroxychloroquine
- Hydroxyzine
- Ibuprofen; Oxycodone
- Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine
- Ibutilide
- Iloperidone
- Iloprost
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