Capreomycin Brand Name– Capastat
What is Capreomycin
Capreomycin is a parenteral polypeptide antibiotic derived from cultures of Streptomyces capreolus.
Capreomycin exhibits bactericidal activity, though the exact mechanism of action is not fully understood.
Due to route of administration and side effect profile, capreomycin is reserved as a second line agent in treatment of pulmonary infections with susceptible strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is administered either intravenously or intramuscularly.
The toxicity profile of capreomycin is similar to that seen with the aminoglycosides.
Capreomycin is formulated as a disulfate salt complex of 4 microbiologically active components, the structures of which have not been fully elucidated.
Capreomycin was FDA approved in June 1971.
Indications
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- tuberculosis infection
Side Effects
- azotemia
- bleeding
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- eosinophilia
- fever
- hearing loss
- hyperbilirubinemia
- hypocalcemia
- hypokalemia
- hypomagnesemia
- injection site reaction
- jaundice
- leukocytosis
- leukopenia
- maculopapular rash
- nephrotoxicity
- oliguria
- ototoxicity
- proteinuria
- renal failure (unspecified)
- renal tubular necrosis
- thrombocytopenia
- tinnitus
- urticaria
- vertigo
Monitoring Parameters
- audiometry
- CBC with differential
- serum creatinine/BUN
Contraindications
- breast-feeding
- children
- colitis
- dehydration
- diarrhea
- geriatric
- hearing impairment
- hepatic disease
- infants
- inflammatory bowel disease
- jaundice
- neonates
- nephrotoxicity
- neuromuscular disease
- ototoxicity
- pregnancy
- pseudomembranous colitis
- renal impairment
- respiratory depression
- respiratory insufficiency
- surgery
- tinnitus
- ulcerative colitis
Interactions
- AbobotulinumtoxinA
- Acyclovir
- Aminoglycosides
- Amlodipine; Celecoxib
- Amphotericin B
- Amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate complex (ABCD)
- Amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC)
- Amphotericin B liposomal (LAmB)
- Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccine, BCG
- Bacitracin
- Botulinum Toxins
- Bumetanide
- Bupivacaine; Lidocaine
- Carboplatin
- Celecoxib
- Cidofovir
- Cisplatin
- Clindamycin
- Cyclosporine
- Dextromethorphan; Quinidine
- Diclofenac
- Diclofenac; Misoprostol
- Diflunisal
- Diphenhydramine; Ibuprofen
- Diphenhydramine; Naproxen
- Enflurane
- Entecavir
- Esomeprazole; Naproxen
- Ethacrynic Acid
- Ethambutol
- Ethionamide
- Etodolac
- Etomidate
- Famotidine; Ibuprofen
- Fenoprofen
- Flurbiprofen
- Foscarnet
- Fospropofol
- Furosemide
- Ganciclovir
- General anesthetics
- Halothane
- Hyaluronidase, Recombinant; Immune Globulin
- Hydrocodone; Ibuprofen
- Ibuprofen
- Ibuprofen; Oxycodone
- Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine
- Immune Globulin IV, IVIG, IGIV
- IncobotulinumtoxinA
- Indomethacin
- Isoflurane
- Isoniazid, INH
- Isoniazid, INH; Pyrazinamide, PZA; Rifampin
- Isoniazid, INH; Rifampin
- Ketamine
- Ketoprofen
- Ketorolac
- Lansoprazole; Naproxen
- Lidocaine
- Lidocaine; Prilocaine
- Lithium
- Loop diuretics
- Meclofenamate Sodium
- Mefenamic Acid
- Meloxicam
- Nabumetone
- Naproxen
- Naproxen; Pseudoephedrine
- Naproxen; Sumatriptan
- Neuromuscular blockers
- Non-Ionic Contrast Media
- Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
- Omeprazole; Amoxicillin; Rifabutin
- OnabotulinumtoxinA
- Oxaprozin
- Pamidronate
- Piroxicam
- Polymyxin B
- Polymyxins
- Procainamide
- Procaine
- Propofol
- Quinidine
- Rifabutin
- Rifampin
- Rifamycins
- Rifapentine
- RimabotulinumtoxinB
- Rofecoxib
- Salicylates
- Sevoflurane
- Sulindac
- Tacrolimus
- Tolmetin
- Torsemide
- Valacyclovir
- Valdecoxib
- Vancomycin
- Zoledronic Acid