Capreomycin

Capreomycin Brand Name– Capastat

What is Capreomycin

Capreomycin is a parenteral polypeptide antibiotic derived from cultures of Streptomyces capreolus.

Capreomycin exhibits bactericidal activity, though the exact mechanism of action is not fully understood.

Due to route of administration and side effect profile, capreomycin is reserved as a second line agent in treatment of pulmonary infections with susceptible strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is administered either intravenously or intramuscularly.

The toxicity profile of capreomycin is similar to that seen with the aminoglycosides.

Capreomycin is formulated as a disulfate salt complex of 4 microbiologically active components, the structures of which have not been fully elucidated.

Capreomycin was FDA approved in June 1971.

Indications

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • tuberculosis infection

Side Effects

  1. azotemia
  2. bleeding
  3. elevated hepatic enzymes
  4. eosinophilia
  5. fever
  6. hearing loss
  7. hyperbilirubinemia
  8. hypocalcemia
  9. hypokalemia
  10. hypomagnesemia
  11. injection site reaction
  12. jaundice
  13. leukocytosis
  14. leukopenia
  15. maculopapular rash
  16. nephrotoxicity
  17. oliguria
  18. ototoxicity
  19. proteinuria
  20. renal failure (unspecified)
  21. renal tubular necrosis
  22. thrombocytopenia
  23. tinnitus
  24. urticaria
  25. vertigo

Monitoring Parameters

  • audiometry
  • CBC with differential
  • serum creatinine/BUN

Contraindications

  • breast-feeding
  • children
  • colitis
  • dehydration
  • diarrhea
  • geriatric
  • hearing impairment
  • hepatic disease
  • infants
  • inflammatory bowel disease
  • jaundice
  • neonates
  • nephrotoxicity
  • neuromuscular disease
  • ototoxicity
  • pregnancy
  • pseudomembranous colitis
  • renal impairment
  • respiratory depression
  • respiratory insufficiency
  • surgery
  • tinnitus
  • ulcerative colitis

Interactions

  • AbobotulinumtoxinA
  • Acyclovir
  • Aminoglycosides
  • Amlodipine; Celecoxib
  • Amphotericin B
  • Amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate complex (ABCD)
  • Amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC)
  • Amphotericin B liposomal (LAmB)
  • Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccine, BCG
  • Bacitracin
  • Botulinum Toxins
  • Bumetanide
  • Bupivacaine; Lidocaine
  • Carboplatin
  • Celecoxib
  • Cidofovir
  • Cisplatin
  • Clindamycin
  • Cyclosporine
  • Dextromethorphan; Quinidine
  • Diclofenac
  • Diclofenac; Misoprostol
  • Diflunisal
  • Diphenhydramine; Ibuprofen
  • Diphenhydramine; Naproxen
  • Enflurane
  • Entecavir
  • Esomeprazole; Naproxen
  • Ethacrynic Acid
  • Ethambutol
  • Ethionamide
  • Etodolac
  • Etomidate
  • Famotidine; Ibuprofen
  • Fenoprofen
  • Flurbiprofen
  • Foscarnet
  • Fospropofol
  • Furosemide
  • Ganciclovir
  • General anesthetics
  • Halothane
  • Hyaluronidase, Recombinant; Immune Globulin
  • Hydrocodone; Ibuprofen
  • Ibuprofen
  • Ibuprofen; Oxycodone
  • Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine
  • Immune Globulin IV, IVIG, IGIV
  • IncobotulinumtoxinA
  • Indomethacin
  • Isoflurane
  • Isoniazid, INH
  • Isoniazid, INH; Pyrazinamide, PZA; Rifampin
  • Isoniazid, INH; Rifampin
  • Ketamine
  • Ketoprofen
  • Ketorolac
  • Lansoprazole; Naproxen
  • Lidocaine
  • Lidocaine; Prilocaine
  • Lithium
  • Loop diuretics
  • Meclofenamate Sodium
  • Mefenamic Acid
  • Meloxicam
  • Nabumetone
  • Naproxen
  • Naproxen; Pseudoephedrine
  • Naproxen; Sumatriptan
  • Neuromuscular blockers
  • Non-Ionic Contrast Media
  • Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
  • Omeprazole; Amoxicillin; Rifabutin
  • OnabotulinumtoxinA
  • Oxaprozin
  • Pamidronate
  • Piroxicam
  • Polymyxin B
  • Polymyxins
  • Procainamide
  • Procaine
  • Propofol
  • Quinidine
  • Rifabutin
  • Rifampin
  • Rifamycins
  • Rifapentine
  • RimabotulinumtoxinB
  • Rofecoxib
  • Salicylates
  • Sevoflurane
  • Sulindac
  • Tacrolimus
  • Tolmetin
  • Torsemide
  • Valacyclovir
  • Valdecoxib
  • Vancomycin
  • Zoledronic Acid
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