Newborn

Hyperthyroidism in Neonates Neonatal disease is usually secondary to transplacental passage of maternal TSH receptor antibodies from maternal Graves disease  May present similarly with irritability, sleep difficulty, hyperexcitability, tremors, feeding difficulty, diarrhea, and sweating Presence of goiter, small fontanelle, craniosynostosis, advanced bone age, persistent tachycardia, or proptosis with stare suggests neonatal hyperthyroidism Differentiate and diagnose …

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3 Interesting Facts of Sepsis in Newborn May present similarly with irritability, tachypnea, poor feeding, temperature instability, and fever May be difficult to differentiate clinically without blood cultures and a period of clinical observation to rule out sepsis protocol Diagnosis is based on clinical course and microbiologic culture results

3 Interesting Facts of Respiratory distress syndrome in neonates Neonates presenting with nasal stuffiness, tachypnea, nasal flaring, and retractions as part of neonatal abstinence syndrome may be confused with infants in respiratory distress from primary pulmonary causes (eg, transient tachypnea of newborn, pneumonia, meconium aspiration syndrome) (Related: Meconium aspiration syndrome) In contrast to infants with respiratory …

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6 Interesting Facts of Sepsis in neonates Congenital pneumonia is a serious infection that frequently results in stillbirth or death in the first 24 hours after birth. Presents with signs of respiratory distress mimicking meconium aspiration syndrome in the first few hours after birth  Chest radiograph findings are variable depending on cause (eg, lobar consolidation …

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How are fetuses with neck masses diagnosed and treated? Fetal neck masses are generally of the following types: • Lymphangioma. • Hemangioma. • Cystic hygroma. • Teratoma. Other masses (hemangioendothelioma, bronchogenic cyst, enlarged thyroid gland, and branchial cleft cyst) are uncommon. Detection by US is straightforward, but characterization can be more problematic. Cystic hygromas and lymphangiomas can have a …

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Is there a treatment for CHB in neonatal lupus syndrome? Hydroxychloroquine may decrease the risk of developing CHB. Consider treatment if (1) a patient has second-degree heart block or (2) signs of myocarditis. Data on the treatment of CHB yields conflicting results and much of it is anecdotal.

Typical clinical presentation of infants with neonatal lupus erythematosus and what is the pathogenesis. What treatment options exist? Organ Manifestation Skin Subacute SLE rash a Liver Elevation of liver function tests/hepatosplenomegaly Hematologic Cytopenias/hemolytic anemia/thrombocytopenia Cardiac Heart block/endocardial fibroelastosis Most noncardiac manifestations clear in approximately 6 months as this is when the antibodies degrade. a Some patients with …

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