What are the medical therapies for obesity? Dietary restriction of calories, while maintaining adequate protein, fluid electrolyte, mineral, and vitamin intake, is the key. A sensible weight reduction program targets gradual weight reduction by behavior modification, including dietary and activity changes. Numerous fad diets claim success, but key to the weight loss is patient commitment …
Does obesity carry a significant risk for death? Yes. In the United States, 300,000 persons die annually from obesity-related diseases: Cardiomyopathy Degenerative joint disease (DJD) Coronary artery disease Immobility Dyslipidemia Depression Hypertension Low self-esteem Diabetes Malignancy Infertility Dyspnea Fatty liver Obstructive sleep apnea Deep vein thrombosis Obesity hypoventilation Gallstones Chronic fatigue Pulmonary embolus Venous stasis …
What adverse GI effects may be encountered in a patient using herbal supplements? It is estimated that one third to one half of the U.S. population uses herbal products in supplementary form and that 60% to 75% do not inform health care providers. Because herbal products are not regulated and their composition is not standardized, …
Approach to nutritional support in patients with acute pancreatitis Pancreatitis can resemble other cases of stressed metabolism. If severe pancreatitis precludes the resumption of food intake beyond 4 to 5 days, consideration should be given to nutrition support. The route of feeding remains controversial; neither bowel and pancreatic rest nor nutritional support has been shown …
Management of nutritional problems in patients with short bowel syndrome Therapy in the acute postsurgical phase is aimed at intravenous fluid and electrolyte restoration. Parenteral nutrition may be required while the remaining gut function is assessed and adaptation takes place. Attempts at oral feeding should include frequent, small meals with initial limitations in fluid and …
Management of nutritional problems in short bowel syndrome Read More »
What are the nutritional concerns in patients with short bowel syndrome? Loss of bowel surface puts the patient at great risk for dehydration and malnutrition. The small bowel averages 600 cm in length and absorbs approximately 10 L/day of ingested and secreted fluids. A patient may tolerate substantial loss of small bowel, although preservation of …
Typical findings in deficiency or excess of various micronutrients Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies and Toxicities Micronutrient Deficiency Toxicity Vitamin A Follicular hyperkeratosis, night blindness, corneal drying, keratomalacia Dermatitis, xerosis, hair loss, joint pain, hyperostosis, edema, hypercalcemia, hepatomegaly, pseudotumor Vitamin D Rickets, osteomalacia, hypophosphatemia, muscle weakness Fatigue, headache, hypercalcemia, bone decalcification Vitamin E Hemolytic anemia, myopathy, …