How is septic arthritis contracted? Septic arthritis may be contracted in several ways including: hematogenous seeding, direct inoculation due to trauma, intervention, or postsurgical complication, or spread from adjacent soft tissue or bone infection. Risk factors for the development of septic arthritis include: intravenous drug use, medications that suppress the immune system, and underlying chronic …
What are some commonly used corticosteroids in musculoskeletal interventions? There are a variety of commonly used synthetic corticosteroids for musculoskeletal interventions that are derivatives of prednisolone, which is an analogue of cortisol. The most commonly used preparations include: methylprednisone acetate, triamcinolone acetonide, betamethasone acetate, and dexamethasone sodium phosphate.
What are some benefits of using Ultrasound to guide musculoskeletal procedures? There are multiple benefits of using US to guide musculoskeletal procedures. First, there is no ionizing radiation, which is especially attractive when imaging pediatric and pregnant patients. US allows for real-time dynamic evaluation, which enables the operator to directly visualize the needle as it …
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What imaging modalities can be used to guide joint injections aspirations or arthrography? US, CT, or fluoroscopy may be selected to perform joint injections, aspirations, or arthrography. The selection of the specific imaging modality to guide the procedure depends upon the joint to be accessed, operator preference, patient characteristics (such as body habitus, age, pregnancy …
What are the commonly used approaches for injecting the glenohumeral joint? What are the pros and cons of each? Several approaches are commonly used for accessing the shoulder joint for direct arthrography. The most common approach is straight anterior with insertion of the needle at the junction of the middle and lower thirds of the …
What are the indications for a CT arthrography? What contrast material is used? CT arthrography is most often used when patients have contraindications to undergoing MR arthrography including: implanted pacemaker/defibrillator devices, any internal metal objects that make MRI unsafe, or claustrophobia. CT arthrography is particularly useful for the demonstration of cartilage defects, evaluation of intraarticular …
What concentration of gadolinium-based contrast material is used when performing MR arthrography? What are the components of the MR arthrogram injectate? For MR arthrography, the injectate is diluted to a concentration of 1 to 2.5 mM. The final gadolinium dilution ratio should be 1 : 100 to 1 : 250 to achieve maximal signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images. Although …