Vestibular neuritis neuronitis and benign recurrent vertigo These vestibular system disorders cause symptoms that mimic Meniere disease (eg, vertigo, nausea, vomiting) Persistent and ongoing vertigo Differentiated by difference in symptom duration: symptoms peak on day 1 but take several days to resolve
Otosyphilis Syphilis infection that manifests in 1 or both inner ears Progressive endolymphatic hydrops causes episodic vertigo and hearing loss, similar to Meniere disease Differentiated by a positive treponemal antibody test
Bacterial labyrinthitis Inflammation of the inner ear caused by bacteria typically spread from otitis media or meningitis Presents with vertigo and symptoms specific to the source Otitis media: ear pain Meningitis: severe febrile illness, headache, and stiff neck Differentiated by concomitant findings identifying the source Otitis media presenting with ear pain and otoscopic finding of …
Viral labyrinthitis Inflammation of inner ear caused by viral infection Sudden onset of vertigo, usually without associated hearing loss Differentiated by polytomographic observation of significant deterioration or loss of endolymphatic sac There may be associated evidence of specific viral infection (eg, mumps, rubeola, mononucleosis)
Cerebellar or brainstem stroke and transient ischemic attack Symptoms include isolated vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss Present in approximately 42% of patients diagnosed with anterior inferior cerebellar artery infarction Patients who have experienced transient ischemic attack may report audiovestibular symptoms for as long as 2 years before stroke Transient ischemic attack may be clinically indistinguishable …
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4 Interesting Facts of Melena Melena is black tarry stool from gastrointestinal bleeding; on history and/or physical examination, it is a strong indicator of upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding Initial evaluation should focus on hemodynamic stabilization, defining the significance of the bleeding, and identifying a possible underlying cause Glasgow Blatchford score should be used to risk-stratify …
Melena – Symptoms, 11 Interesting Facts, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prognosis Read More »
Cutaneous melanocytic nevi Common nevi Small (lesions are usually less than 6 mm), flat, and round Border is regular, smooth, and well-defined Color is homogeneous (usually no more than 2 shades of brown) Any site is affected Some people have only 1 to 5 moles; others have more than 100 Dysplastic nevi Large (usually more …