Vasculitides which are most often associated with glomerular disease
The small-vessel vasculitides are most often associated with glomerular disease. Immunoglobulin (Ig)A vasculitis (Henoch-Schölein-purpura) and cryoglobulinemic vasculitis are associated with immune complex deposition.
Pauci-immune glomerulonephritis demonstrates little to no immune deposits and is seen in the antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides, including granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA, formerly Wegener granulomatosis), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA, formerly Churg-Strauss syndrome), as well as kidney-limited pauci-immune necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis (NCGN).
Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), a medium-vessel vasculitis typically affecting medium-sized or small arteries and sparing arterioles, capillaries, and venules, does not cause glomerulonephritis but may cause ischemic kidney injury via inflammation of the larger kidney vessels.
