Spermicide Use

Spermicide Use Information

Spermicide is a method of preventing pregnancy (contraception). It is a barrier type of contraception. It works by blocking sperm from reaching an egg. This prevents pregnancy from taking place. Spermicides are available as:

  • Creams.
  • Foams.
  • Films.
  • Sponges.
  • Suppositories.

Spermicides work by killing or deactivating sperm before they enter the uterus. Women release an egg (ovulate) each month during their menstrual cycle. The egg can be fertilized by a sperm following sexual intercourse. A spermicide may prevent any sperm from entering the opening to the woman’s uterus (cervix) to reach an egg.

You do not need to see your health care provider to get spermicide. It can be bought over the counter. Using spermicide does not affect a woman’s menstrual cycle.

Spermicide is much less effective than other barrier methods of preventing pregnancy. It may be more effective if it is used in combination with a condom, diaphragm, or cervical cap. Spermicide does not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

What are the risks?

Risks may include:

  • Pregnancy, especially when a spermicide is used as the only method of preventing pregnancy.
  • STIs.
  • An allergic reaction. This may cause itching or burning in the vagina.
  • Irritation of the vagina or penis, which may develop over time.
  • Infection of the vagina. This may be caused by irritation or an allergic reaction.

How to use spermicide

Different types of spermicides are used differently. You should follow the instructions on the spermicide package. In general:

  1. Wash your hands with soap and water before each use.
  2. Dry your hands with a clean towel. Make sure your fingers are dry before inserting spermicide films.
  3. Insert the spermicide deep into your vagina before you have sex.
    1. Use the included applicator to insert spermicide foams, creams, and jellies.
    1. Directly insert spermicide sponges, suppositories, and films into your vagina.
  4. Wait for the amount of time shown on the package before you have sex. Do not have sex right away.

Only use each application of spermicide once. Insert a new one every time you have sex.

Do not douche or rinse your vagina for at least 6–8 hours after sex, or as told by your health care provider.

Contact a health care provider if you:

  • Develop soreness, redness, or itching in or around your vagina.
  • Have bad-smelling discharge from your vagina.
  • Have pain during intercourse when using spermicide.
  • Have blood in your urine, or burning or pain when you urinate.
  • Think you may be pregnant.

Summary

  • Spermicide is a method of preventing pregnancy (contraception). It is a barrier type of contraception.
  • You do not need to see your health care provider to get spermicide. It can be bought over the counter.
  • Spermicide is much less effective than other barrier methods of contraception. It may be more effective when used with another method of contraception, such as a condom.
  • Only use each application of spermicide once.
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