Peripheral Edema

What is Peripheral Edema

Peripheral edema is swelling that is caused by a buildup of fluid. Peripheral edema most often affects the lower legs, ankles, and feet. It can also develop in the arms, hands, and face.

The area of the body that has peripheral edema will look swollen. It may also feel heavy or warm. Your clothes may start to feel tight. Pressing on the area may make a temporary dent in your skin. You may not be able to move your arm or leg as much as usual.

There are many causes of peripheral edema. It can be a complication of other diseases, such as congestive heart failure, kidney disease, or a problem with your blood circulation. It also can be a side effect of certain medicines. It often happens to women during pregnancy. Sometimes, the cause is not known. Treating the underlying condition is often the only treatment for peripheral edema.

Follow these instructions at home:

Pay attention to any changes in your symptoms. Take these actions to help with your discomfort:

  • Raise (elevate) your legs while you are sitting or lying down.
  • Move around often to prevent stiffness and to lessen swelling. Do not sit or stand for long periods of time.
  • Wear support stockings as told by your health care provider.
  • Follow instructions from your health care provider about limiting salt (sodium) in your diet. Sometimes eating less salt can reduce swelling.
  • Take over-the-counter and prescription medicines only as told by your health care provider. Your health care provider may prescribe medicine to help your body get rid of excess water (diuretic).
  • Keep all follow-up visits as told by your health care provider. This is important.

Contact a health care provider if:

  • You have a fever.
  • Your edema starts suddenly or is getting worse, especially if you are pregnant or have a medical condition.
  • You have swelling in only one leg.
  • You have increased swelling and pain in your legs.

Get help right away if:

  • You develop shortness of breath, especially when you are lying down.
  • You have pain in your chest or abdomen.
  • You feel weak.
  • You faint.
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