Gemifloxacin Brand Name– Factive
What is Gemifloxacin
Gemifloxacin is an oral fluoroquinolone anti-infective. It belongs to a group of quinolones known as fluoronapthyridones.
Gemifloxacin is active against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and compared to other fluoroquinolones, it has improved activity against Gram-positive cocci.
Gemifloxacin also has enhanced activity against penicillin- and ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Disabling and potentially irreversible serious adverse reactions associated with quinolones include tendinitis, tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, and central nervous system effects. Other significant adverse events include potential QT prolongation and myasthenia gravis exacerbation.
Gemifloxacin is FDA-approved for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis; however, due to the potential for serious adverse events, quinolones should only be used for bronchitis when alternative treatment options cannot be used.
Gemifloxacin was FDA-approved in April 2003.
Indications
- Acinetobacter lwoffii
- bronchitis
- Chlamydophila pneumoniae
- community-acquired pneumonia
- gonorrhea
- Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase negative)
- Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive)
- Haemophilus parainfluenzae
- Klebsiella oxytoca
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Legionella pneumophila
- Moraxella catarrhalis
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Proteus vulgaris
- Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Streptococcus pyogenes (group A beta-hemolytic streptococci)
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
- agitation
- agranulocytosis
- anaphylactoid reactions
- anemia
- angioedema
- anorexia
- anxiety
- aortic dissection
- aplastic anemia
- arthralgia
- asthenia
- azotemia
- back pain
- bleeding
- bronchospasm
- candidiasis
- coma
- confusion
- constipation
- crystalluria
- delirium
- depression
- diarrhea
- dizziness
- drowsiness
- dysesthesia
- dysgeusia
- dyspepsia
- dyspnea
- eczema vaccinatum
- edema
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- eosinophilia
- erythema
- erythema multiforme
- exfoliative dermatitis
- fatigue
- fever
- flatulence
- flushing
- gastritis
- hallucinations
- headache
- hemolytic anemia
- hepatic failure
- hepatic necrosis
- hepatitis
- hot flashes
- hyperbilirubinemia
- hypercalcemia
- hyperglycemia
- hyperkalemia
- hypernatremia
- hypoalbuminemia
- hypocalcemia
- hypoesthesia
- hypoglycemia
- hypokalemia
- hyponatremia
- hypotension
- increased intracranial pressure
- infection
- insomnia
- interstitial nephritis
- jaundice
- laryngeal edema
- leukopenia
- maculopapular rash
- memory impairment
- muscle cramps
- myalgia
- myasthenia gravis
- nausea
- neurotoxicity
- nightmares
- pancytopenia
- paranoia
- paresthesias
- peripheral edema
- peripheral neuropathy
- pharyngitis
- photosensitivity
- pneumonitis
- pruritus
- pseudomembranous colitis
- pseudotumor cerebri
- psychosis
- QT prolongation
- rash
- renal failure (unspecified)
- restlessness
- retinal hemorrhage
- seizures
- serum sickness
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- suicidal ideation
- superinfection
- supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)
- syncope
- tendinitis
- tendon rupture
- thrombocytopenia
- thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
- torsade de pointes
- toxic epidermal necrolysis
- tremor
- urticaria
- vaginitis
- vasculitis
- vertigo
- visual impairment
- vomiting
- weakness
- xerostomia
Monitoring Parameters
- LFTs
- serum creatinine/BUN
Contraindications
- aneurysm
- aortic dissection
- apheresis
- arteriosclerosis
- atrial fibrillation
- AV block
- bradycardia
- breast-feeding
- cardiomyopathy
- celiac disease
- cerebrovascular disease
- children
- colitis
- corticosteroid therapy
- dehydration
- diabetes mellitus
- dialysis
- diarrhea
- driving or operating machinery
- females
- fever
- geriatric
- GI disease
- heart failure
- hepatic disease
- hepatitis
- hepatotoxicity
- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
- hyperparathyroidism
- hypertension
- hypocalcemia
- hypokalemia
- hypomagnesemia
- hypothermia
- hypothyroidism
- infants
- inflammatory bowel disease
- jaundice
- long QT syndrome
- myasthenia gravis
- myocardial infarction
- neonates
- neurotoxicity
- organ transplant
- peripheral neuropathy
- pheochromocytoma
- pregnancy
- pseudomembranous colitis
- psychiatric event
- QT prolongation
- quinolone hypersensitivity
- renal disease
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- rheumatoid arthritis
- seizure disorder
- sexually transmitted disease
- sickle cell disease
- sleep deprivation
- stroke
- sunlight (UV) exposure
- systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
- tendinitis
- tendinopathy
- tendon pain
- tendon rupture
- torsade de pointes
- ulcerative colitis
- viral infection
Interactions
- Abarelix
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