What pharmacologic agents are Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved, and how are they used?
| Mechanism | Route | Dose | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Antiresorptive agents Bisphosphonates Alendronate (Fosamax) a | Oral | 10 mg 70 mg | Daily Weekly |
| Risedronate (Actonel) a | Oral | 5 mg 35 mg 150 mg | Daily Weekly Monthly |
| Risedronate SR (Atelvia) | Oral | 35 mg | Weekly |
| Ibandronate (Boniva) | Oral IV | 150 mg 3 mg | Monthly q3 Months |
| Zoledronic acid (Reclast) | IV | 5 mg | Yearly |
| Nonbisphosphonates | |||
| Denosumab (Prolia) Raloxifene (Evista) Calcitonin (Miacalcin) | SQ Oral Nasal SQ b | 60 mg 60 mg 200 U 100 U | q6 Months Daily Daily Daily |
| Estrogen therapy (multiple preparations and regimens) | |||
| Anabolic agents | |||
| Teriparatide (Forteo) Abaloparatide (Tymlos)Romosozumab (Evenity) | SQ b SQSQ | 20 mcg 80 mcg210 mg | Daily DailyMonthly |
IV, intravenous; SQ, subcutaneously; SR, sustained release.
a Note that there is a Fosamax plus D preparation containing 70 mg of alendronate and either 2800 IU or 5600 IU of vitamin D3.
b Infusion times: IV ibandronate 1–3 minutes; IV zoledronic acid 15–30 minutes.
