Paroxysmal Extreme Pain Disorder Paroxysmal extreme pain disorder is an uncommon cause of severe, episodic, burning rectal, perineal, ocular, and mandibular pain. Also known as familial rectal pain syndrome, paroxysmal extreme pain disorder is caused by autosomal dominant abnormalities in the voltage-gated sodium channel Na V 1.7 that are induced by mutations of the gene SCN9A. These mutations cause impairment …
Avascular Necrosis of the Hip Avascular necrosis of the hip is an often missed diagnosis. It is also known as osteonecrosis . Similar to the scaphoid, the hip is extremely susceptible to this disease because of its tenuous blood supply. The blood supply of the hip is easily disrupted, often leaving the proximal portion of the bone …
Transient Regional Osteoporosis Transient regional osteoporosis is an often missed diagnosis. It is also known as transient regional osteoporosis and transient osteoporosis of pregnancy. Unlike senile osteoporosis, which is a disease of aging with a strong predilection for postmenopausal women, transient regional osteoporosis is a disease that affects otherwise healthy females in their third trimester …
Psoas Bursitis Psoas bursitis is an uncommon cause of hip and groin pain that is frequently misdiagnosed in clinical practice. A patient with psoas bursitis frequently reports pain in the groin. The pain is localized to the area just below the crease of the groin anteriorly, with referred pain noted into the hip joint. Often, …
Iliopsoas Tendon Rupture The iliopsoas tendon and bursa are prone to the development of tendinitis. Untreated, iliopsoas tendinitis can progress to severe tendinopathy including partial tears and complete rupture of the tendon. Complete rupture of the iliopsoas tendon can be either spontaneous or traumatic and may be associated with coexistent muscle bursitis, muscle strains, and …
Femoral Neuropathy-The Clinical Syndrome Femoral neuropathy is an uncommon cause of anterior thigh and medial calf pain that has many causes. Femoral neuropathy may be due to compression by tumor, retroperitoneal hemorrhage, or abscess. Stretch injuries to the femoral nerve as it passes under the inguinal ligament from extreme extension or flexion at the hip …
Saphenous Neuralgia – The Clinical Syndrome Saphenous neuralgia is an uncommon cause of medial calf pain that may occur after vascular surgery on the lower extremity. With the increased number of total knee arthroplasties being performed, trauma to the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve may cause damage, producing pain and numbness over the patellar …