3 Interesting Facts of Esophageal Chest Pain Functional chest pain of presumed esophageal origin is a chronic, unexplained midline chest pain. •Epigastric pain syndrome can be divided into the meal-related postprandial distress syndrome, and meal-unrelated epigastric pain syndrome. It belongs to the family of functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders (also referred to as disorders of brain-gut …
Esophageal Perforation and Rupture Key Points Esophageal perforation or rupture is a life-threatening condition in which the cervical, thoracic, or intra-abdominal esophageal sections are perforated or ruptured iatrogenically, traumatically, spontaneously, or through the ingestion of foreign bodies Often results in the dissection of air along the subcutaneous planes or into the mediastinum, presenting with chest …
10 Interesting Facts of Ethylene Glycol Toxicity Ethylene glycol toxicity results from accumulation of toxic metabolites that form after ingestion of products containing ethylene glycol (eg, antifreeze, brake fluid, radiator coolant, deicing solution) Toxicity can manifest with altered mental status, increased osmolal gap, severe metabolic acidosis with increased anion gap, hypocalcemia, and calcium oxalate crystalluria …
6 Interesting Facts of Exacerbations of COPD Episodic exacerbations—during which patients experience new or worsening dyspnea, cough, and wheezing—may punctuate periods of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease These episodes are often triggered by bacterial or viral infections and environmental pollutants, resulting in increased airway inflammation, sputum production, and gas trapping Greatest risk factor is the …
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is a serious condition characterized by a deficiency in pancreatic digestive enzymes resulting in inadequate digestion of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. The most common cause of EPI is chronic pancreatitis (CP) in adults and cystic fibrosis (CF) in children. Clinically, EPI commonly results in fat malabsorption and is …
10 Interesting Facts of External Chemical Burns External chemical burns are cutaneous or ocular tissue injuries caused by direct contact with a caustic agent May result from household exposures (eg, general cleaning products, drain cleaners, rust removers) or occupational exposures Diagnosis is based on history of exposure and physical examination findings, which may include tissue …
9 Interesting Facts of Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of MALT Type Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma/MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) lymphoma arises in the B cells of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and is 1 of 3 distinct clinical subtypes of marginal zone lymphomas Gastric MALT lymphoma is the most common form; nongastric forms may arise in …