13 Interesting Facts of Campylobacter Infections Campylobacter infections are the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans worldwide and are responsible for most pathogen-confirmed cases of traveler’s diarrhea in people returning to the United States from abroad Most common organisms include Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Transmitted through consumption of contaminated food or water or direct contact with fecal material from …
Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition (CPPD) disease refers to the precipitation of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPP) in connective tissues that may be asymptomatic or may be associated with several clinical syndromes, including acute and chronic arthritis. CPP was formerly abbreviated and commonly referred to as “CPPD,” but the abbreviation is now reserved …
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Milk Alkali Syndrome Milk Alkali syndrome is the triad of hypercalcemia, metabolic alkalosis, and renal insufficiency due to consumption of large amounts of calcium and absorbable alkali. For conventional diagnostic purposes, only hypercalcemia with an appropriate history of ingestions must be present. The milk alkali syndrome consists of hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia (although with use of calcium …
4 Interesting Facts of Nail Disorders Nail disorders can arise at any age. About half of all nail disorders are of infectious origin, 15% are due to inflammatory or metabolic conditions, and 5% are due to malignancies and pigment disturbances. The differential diagnosis of nail disorders is often an area of uncertainty. The most common …
Nail Bed Injuries The goal of treatment of nail bed injuries is to restore anatomy which will allow return of function and maximize cosmetic result. •Anatomy and physiology •The germinal matrix, sterile matrix, and dorsal nail bed make up the nail bed. •Germinal matrix: specialized cells that generate the majority of the nail plate; located …
3 Interesting Facts of Limbic Predominant Age Related TDP 43 Encephalopathy Limbic predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE) is a form of TDP-43 (TDP-43 or transactive response DNA binding protein 43 kDa) proteinopathy that causes progressive memory loss in older adults in a manner similar to Alzheimer disease (AD). •TDP-43 intraneuronal cytoplasmic inclusions in the medial …
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8 Interesting Facts of Lisfranc Injuries The Lisfranc joint represents the junction between the midfoot and forefoot. Three metatarsal-cuneiform articulations (first, second, and third tarsometatarsal joints) and two metatarsal-cuboid articulations (fourth and fifth tarsometatarsal joints) Proper alignment and stability of these joints are essential for normal foot function. •The Lisfranc joint is very stable because …