What term describes the group of gastrointestinal disorders related to inadequate blood flow? The term “intestinal ischemia” describes GI tract disorders due to insufficient blood flow. Both the small and large bowel can be involved. Intestinal ischemia can be caused by both arterial and venous insufficiency.
What are the most common causes of small bowel obstruction? The following are common causes of small bowel obstruction: • Adhesions secondary to prior abdominopelvic surgery (60% to 85%) • Crohn’s disease (5% to 7%) • Malignancy (2% to 5%) • Hernia (2% to 3%)
How is pain originating from the small bowel usually characterized? What are common causes of small bowel pain? Pain related to the small bowel is often felt in the midline or periumbilical region. Occasionally, it is felt in the flank or back. Classically, small intestine pain is worse after food intake. Depending on the underlying …
What is Reynolds pentad? Reynolds pentad includes hypotension and confusion in addition to fever, abdominal pain, and jaundice. Patients with all the symptoms in Reynolds pentad are critically ill.
What is Charcots triad? • Charcot’s triad refers to the classic presenting signs of acute cholangitis: fever, abdominal pain, and jaundice. Rarely do patients have all three of these findings.
What are the differences between cholelithiasis cholecystitis choledocholithiasis and cholangitis? How are patients with these disorders managed? • Cholelithiasis is the term used to describe gallbladder stones. Patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis often note episodic abdominal pain, which is due to a gallstone obstructing the cystic duct. Patients with asymptomatic cholelithiasis require no intervention. Those with symptoms may …
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Is the term biliary colic a misnomer Why is the commonly used term biliary colic a misnomer? Biliary tract pain is not colicky but is typically a pain that steadily rises to a peak that may be sustained for several hours before subsiding (crescendo/decrescendo). Although biliary tract pain may fluctuate in intensity and severity, it is not …