Which antihypertensive agents should be avoided in congenital adrenal hyperplasia? Because renin is suppressed, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, direct renin inhibitors, and ARBs are unlikely to be effective. Thiazide diuretics should be avoided because of the increased risk of hypokalemia.
Which antihypertensive agents are most often used for patients with hypertension and congenital adrenal hyperplasia? Potassium-sparing diuretics (spironolactone, possibly eplerenone, or amiloride) and calcium antagonists are used most often.
Is there a role for medical treatment for cushing syndrome? Agents that modulate corticotropin release (cyproheptadine, bromocriptine, valproic acid) or inhibit cortisol synthesis and/or production (mitotane, trilostane, ketoconazole, aminoglutethimide, and metyrapone) may be useful preoperatively or for patients who are not surgical candidates.
Which antihypertensive agents are used to control BP in patients with renal artery stenosis Does it matter which antihypertensive agents are used to control blood pressure in patients with renal artery stenosis? As long as inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) do not precipitate kidney failure, patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis treated with ACE …
Why are blockers of the renin angiotensin system preferred in individuals with diabetic nephropathy? ACE inhibitors and ARBs are the preferred antihypertensive therapy in those with greater than 300 mg of albuminuria a day from diabetes. Such agents slow the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) more than other medication classes despite similar reductions in …
Why are thiazide type diuretics one of the first line agents for stage I primary hypertension? Among the current classes of antihypertensive agents, thiazide and thiazide-type diuretics are both the oldest and most evidence-based, showing consistent decreases in morbidity and mortality in large, randomized, controlled trials. While low-dose (12.5 to 25 mg) hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is …
What are the most common side effects of antihypertensives that patients should be alerted to prior to starting therapy? While patients should be alerted to and continuously surveyed for the adverse medication effects (listed below), it is important to stress that such effects are uncommon and not to be expected. • Diuretics: photosensitivity, rash, hypokalemia, hyperuricemia/gout, impaired …