What are the MRI findings of a labral tear? A labral tear can be identified on MRI by increased signal intensity within the labral substance. Alternatively, an MR arthrogram will show extension of intraarticular contrast directly into the tear
When should shoulder MR arthrography be performed? Shoulder MR arthrography involves distention of the glenohumeral joint by direct injection of gadolinium-based contrast material into the joint space. This procedure increases the sensitivity for detection of subtle intraarticular pathology, such as labral tears, and is usually performed in younger patients.
What is the glenoid labrum, and what are the symptoms of a labral tear? The glenoid labrum is fibrocartilagenous tissue around the rim of the glenoid. It results in deepening of the glenoid fossa, increasing stability of the inherently unstable shoulder joint, and also serves as a site for ligament attachments. The normal labrum is …
MRI findings of rotator cuff pathology Tendinopathy (chronic tendon degeneration) manifests on MRI as mildly increased signal intensity and thickening of the tendon. Tendon tears demonstrate increased T2-weighted signal intensity, as bright as fluid, within the tendon. Chronic rotator cuff tears may demonstrate superior displacement of the humeral head (“high riding humeral head”), and fatty …
Shoulder impingement syndrome Shoulder impingement syndrome refers to compression of the supraspinatus tendon and subacromial bursa between the coracoacromial arch and humeral head. It can be secondary to multiple causes, including subacromial spurs, osteoarthritis of the acromioclavicular joint, and an os acromiale, among others. Impingement is thought to precipitate degeneration of the rotator cuff tendons, …
Symptoms of rotator cuff pathology? Which rotator cuff tendon is most commonly torn? The most common symptoms of rotator cuff tears include pain, especially at night, and pain and weakness with abduction of the arm. Most rotator cuff tears involve the supraspinatus tendon and usually occur in patients older than 40 years of age.
Muscles of the rotator cuff and their sites of attachment. What is the normal MRI appearance of the tendons? From anterior to posterior, the rotator cuff is composed of the subscapularis muscle, which attaches on the lesser tuberosity of the humerus; and the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles, which attach on the greater tuberosity …