Common flexor tendon, and where does it originate? The common flexor tendon refers to the common origin for the flexor muscles of the forearm including the pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, and flexor carpi ulnaris muscles. It originates at the medial epicondyle, which is the bony protuberance at the medial …
Articulations of the elbow The radiocapitellar, ulnotrochlear, and proximal radioulnar joints. The three articulations are within a common joint capsule and work together as a hinge, allowing flexion/extension at the elbow and supination/pronation of the forearm.
nerve entrapment syndromes that can occur around the shoulder A paralabral cyst can extend into the suprascapular notch or the spinoglenoid notch and result in suprascapular nerve impingement syndrome. Both the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles are affected at the level of the suprascapular notch, whereas only the infraspinatus muscle is affected at the spinoglenoid notch. …
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Clinical and MRI findings of adhesive capsulitis Adhesive capsulitis, commonly called “frozen shoulder,” occurs secondary to fibrotic adhesions with thickening and tightening of the joint capsule. Clinically, it is characterized by shoulder pain, stiffness, and decreased range of motion. MRI will demonstrate thickening of the coracohumeral ligament and joint capsule. These changes appear as mildly …
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MRI findings seen with anterior shoulder instability Anterior shoulder instability often results from anterior shoulder dislocation. Classic findings include an impaction fracture of the posterosuperior humeral head (Hill-Sachs deformity) and a tear of the anteroinferior glenoid labrum with associated fracture of the glenoid rim (bony Bankart lesion). These findings are best evaluated on the axial …
Glenohumeral instability Glenohumeral instability refers to recurrent subluxation or dislocation of the shoulder joint, most common anteriorly, but can also be posterior or multidirectional.
What is a paralabral cyst, and what is its clinical significance? A paralabral cyst can form around the labrum from extrusion of synovial fluid through a labral tear with a one-way ball-valve mechanism. A cystic structure around or extending from the labrum that is very closely associated with a labral tear is the major finding …