What is the anatomy of the hand and wrist? The distal radius and ulna articulate with the proximal row of carpal bones, although the ulna does not articulate directly but is separated by the articular disc of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC). The proximal carpal row consists of scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform bones. The …
Common indications for MRI of the hand and wrist What are some common indications for performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the hand and wrist? MRI of the wrist is routinely used to assess a wide variety of osseous and soft tissues abnormalities, including radiographically occult fractures; tendon, ligament, or cartilage injuries; tunnel syndromes; palpable …
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Which ligament is the most commonly injured by the throwing athlete? The UCL. Baseball pitchers and other overhead throwing athletes place the elbow under repeated valgus stress, which leads to chronic degeneration and tearing of the anterior bundle of the UCL. Rupture of this ligament leads to instability and accelerated secondary osteoarthritis. Athletes who rupture …
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What is cubital tunnel syndrome, and what are its causes? Cubital tunnel syndrome is ulnar neuropathy occurring from abnormalities in the cubital tunnel. Common causes include thickening of the cubital tunnel retinaculum, an anomalous muscle (anconeus epitrochlearis), thickening or heterotopic calcification in the UCL, and bone spurs.
What are the causes and MRI appearance of olecranon bursitis? Olecranon bursitis is most commonly caused by acute or repetitive trauma and may be associated with tears or tendinosis of the triceps tendon. Other causes include systemic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, hydroxyapatite deposition, and calcium pyrophosphate deposition. Approximately 20% of acute olecranon bursitis …
Where do ganglion cyst occur in the elbow A ganglion cyst is a thin-walled cyst filled with mucinous fluid that occurs in soft tissues around a joint. These cysts are frequently caused by repetitive overuse and are seen with osteoarthritis, but are also present with inflammatory conditions or following trauma. They are more frequently seen …
What is the most frequent cause of a distal biceps tendon tear? The distal biceps tendon insets onto the proximal radius at the radial tuberosity. Tendon ruptures usually occur with contraction of the biceps against resistance when lifting heavy objects. On MRI, the tendon will be discontinuous and may be retracted proximally with surrounding fluid …
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